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People and Power sont à prendre en compte, ainsi que les informations de l’auteur et la description qui suit :« La guerre en Ukraine a connu une prolifération de drones aériens pour la surveillance et le combat. Les avantages militaires de ces systèmes relativement bon marché sont évidents – en particulier pour une force prenant un ennemi plus puissant – et il n’y a rien de si utile à un soldat que de savoir ce qui se trouve sur une colline. Mais la sophistication croissante de la technologie indique-t-elle un avenir dans lequel l’intelligence artificielle et les armes autonomes deviennent également monnaie courante? Et si cela se produit – quelles questions éthiques pourraient-elles soulever? Pour les gens et le pouvoir, les cinéastes William Davies et Rory Challands sont allés le découvrir. Abonnez-vous à notre chaîne http://bit.ly/ajsubscribe Suivez-nous sur Twitter https://twitter.com/ajenglish, trouvez-nous sur Facebook https://www.facebook.com/aljazeera consultez notre site Web: http://www.aljazeera.com/ notre page Internet: https://www. @Aljazeeraenglish #aljazeeraenglish #News ».

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Les drones ont plusieurs rôles dans le domaine militaire.

Les drones militaires : un tournant décisif dans les conflits contemporains

La manière dont les guerres sont menées a été profondément modifiée par l’essor des drones. Les grandes puissances militaires investissent dans des technologies de plus en plus avancées, capables d’exécuter des missions de reconnaissance, de frappe et de soutien aux troupes au sol.

Ce drone de combat américain, le MQ-9 Reaper, est utilisé pour des frappes de précision. Le Bayraktar TB2 est un drone turc qui a acquis une renommée grâce à son rôle dans des conflits récents, comme en Ukraine et au Haut-Karabakh. Le drone kamikaze iranien, le Shahed-136, trouve une utilisation importante dans les conflits au Moyen-Orient et en Europe de l’Est.

Ces appareils permettent aux armées de frapper des cibles éloignées avec une précision impressionnante, réduisant ainsi les dangers pour les pilotes humains.

Le potentiel des drones dans les conflits futurs

Un avenir où les drones seront encore plus intégrés se dessine grâce à l’évolution rapide de la technologie. On observe le développement de drones autonomes, équipés d’intelligence artificielle, capables de fonctionner sans l’intervention d’un humain.

En opérant de manière coordonnée, des centaines d’unités en essaims de drones pourraient bouleverser les approches militaires. De surcroît, la diminution de la taille des technologies pourrait faciliter le développement de drones de plus en plus petits et furtifs, difficiles à repérer et à neutraliser.

Des drones civils transformés en outils militaires

Certains drones grand public, en particulier ceux de la marque DJI (comme le Mavic ou le Phantom), sont souvent employés pour des missions de reconnaissance ou même d’attaque. Ces drones, équipés de charges explosives par les combattants, se transforment en bombardiers improvisés.

La simplicité d’utilisation et la performance des caméras intégrées les rendent indispensables pour le renseignement et la direction des tirs d’artillerie. Il est à noter que ces drones sont souvent sensibles aux contre-mesures électroniques, comme le brouillage ou le piratage.

Les drones FPV et kamikazes prennent de l’ampleur

L’utilisation des drones FPV (First Person View) adaptés pour le transport d’explosifs est une évolution marquante de ces dernières années. Utilisés en immersion, ces petits drones, souvent issus de modèles civils adaptés, sont massivement déployés en Ukraine avec des lunettes de réalité virtuelle. Des armes redoutables pour les opérations tactiques, c’est ce que leur coût réduit et leur efficacité permettent.

Ces drones se perdent souvent après l’attaque, car ils sont conçus pour être des armes à usage unique. Grâce à leur simplicité, les soldats sans formation en pilotage avancé peuvent les manœuvrer sur le champ de bataille.

Émergeant comme héros de guerre, les pilotes de drones se font connaître

L’usage accru des drones a permis l’émergence d’une nouvelle classe de combattants : les pilotes de drones de guerre. Ces opérateurs, parfois très éloignés du champ de bataille, ont un impact décisif sur le succès des opérations militaires.

Il existe des pilotes qui, par leurs exploits, se hissent au rang de légendes, ayant un impact significatif sur les résultats des combats. Dans les conflits récents, le courage ne se mesure plus uniquement sur le champ de bataille, mais également dans la stratégie et l’expertise des pilotes de drones.

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#Drones #Future #War #People #Power

Retranscription des paroles de la vidéo: foreign [Music] Ukraine has seen the proliferation of drones on the battlefield the military advantages are obvious especially for a competent taking on a more conventionally powerful foe but does the increasing sophistication of this technology point to a future in which Ai and autonomous weapons also become commonplace and if it does what ethical questions might that raise foreign [Music] the misery of a major conflict has returned to Europe Russia’s invasion of its neighbor has killed tens of thousands of people and shocked the world families and civilians have been caught up in the bloodshed with its trenches tanks and artillery it’s the kind of fighting Europe thought it had left behind in the 20th century but this war has also been a Battleground for some very modern technology it is the world’s first full-scale drone War this film is about how drones are changing the way we fight today but it’s also about tomorrow and the coming age of AI autonomous weapons and the complicated ethical questions we may all have to face for the first time the U.S army tested a new radio Target plane fitted with remote control you’re ready for landing possession whether you call them uavs rpvs or drones they’re older than you think I have this great quote published in the New York Times in 1946 that says drones are not new Eureka Franca is a senior policy fellow at the European Council of foreign relations and an expert on how Technologies affect Warfare but he say that kind of modern drones the things we’re looking at at the moment really came about at the turn of the Millennium which basically has to do with the fact that this is the moment where a lot of Technologies develop it was the era of America’s so-called war on terror from the safety of U.S air bases operators piloted armed predators and Reapers over Afghanistan Iraq Pakistan Somalia and Yemen this wasn’t just Death from Above This was death from the other side of the world the remote’s technological might have the most powerful military on the planet versus fighters in Dusty cars and Dusty towns and the civilians caught in the wrong places at the wrong times uh foreign foreign but two recent Wars show how drones can be used by more evenly matched enemies in September 2020 azerbaijani troops and tanks poured across the line of contact into armenian-controlled nagorno-karabakh a frozen conflict reignited during nagorno-karabakh particularly those Ares leveraged Turkish and their own technology to give the Armenians let’s put it this way a very hard time Azerbaijan used drones bought from turkey and Israel to destroy seemingly defenseless Armenian troops and armor on the ground and then broadcast the videos to the world what drones basically give you is a camera team that follows you every move if you do into a drone operation you always film everything you do take pictures and all of this and of course this material can then be used for what information Warfare for propaganda purposes but I wouldn’t want to overplay the role of of drones in that war it’s very difficult to overplay however the role of drones in Ukraine Ukraine has shown us where drone Warfare is going in such high attrition combat commercial quadcopters are cheap and plentiful enough to be an almost disposable Frontline tool the ukrainians are using these and more advanced drones for tasks both lethal and otherwise the Drone filming this is guiding its surrendering Russian to waiting Ukrainian troops here a drone is retrieving a Russian military radio now ukrainians can eavesdrop on their enemies plans this as two drones actually fighting each other machine against machine in a battle for the skies in Ukraine they really are coming up with with novel ways of how to how to use drones using them to attack ships the October strike on Russia’s Black Sea Fleet using specially designed military sea drones is perhaps the most audacious use of drones in the war so far but the really revolutionary thing about drones I would argue is the surveillance and reconnaissance they provide because all of a sudden you get really cheaply really easily 24 7 surveillance in the sky and at quite low hierarchical levels uh in an armed Forest this has transforms the use of artillery live drone pictures show gun Crews where to Fire and misses can be corrected so the next strike hits certainly Ukraine’s drone use has been the more Innovative but Russia is waging drone Warfare too and for many of the same tasks surveillance artillery correction and attack foreign August 2022 a new Menace appears in Ukraine Skies these distinctive exploding drones are much cheaper than missiles and waves of them can overwhelm a city’s air defenses desperate police try to shoot them down as they come in Russia launches them but actually they’re the Iranian Shah head 136 and its smaller version the 131. we’ve been taken through pretty tight security to get here this is in a building run by Ukraine’s Military Intelligence they want to show us these the Iranian drones that have been hitting Ukraine cities I’m getting rare access to recovered examples Ukraine’s Military Intelligence has been studying them carefully so these are the shower heads right this is 136 136 so this is the one that’s been hitting cities and it’s what’s inside these drones that’s particularly surprising the guts are almost entirely commercial Electronics from around the world so this is Canadian right so that’s interesting because it shows that despite being under sanctions Iran is still managing to get hold of components like this according to the intelligence officer the only Iranian thing they discovered inside was the engine what have you found out from these drones here that help you combat future attacks [Music] um [Music] indeed whether by jamming or shooting them down Ukraine’s success rates against the Shah heads is now 90 sometimes 100 percent in short they’ve adapted [Music] for the firms leading this 21st Century Arms race there is no better laboratory for their technology than War these Ukrainian troops are using fly-eye made by the Polish defense firm WB group it’s largely automated and can fly for six hours watching everything going on below the company also makes warmate a swarmable loitering munition believed to have been used in this attack on a Russian base [Music] neither platform is new but in WB group’s Warsaw showroom its Executives tell me what they’re learning from the war next door is vital we get the feedback every day from crying out and we are updating using this feedback we update the system day by day so every week the system is better this symbiotic information Loop is now accelerating the development of drones we just on our own eyes see the revolution see the when the drones are the best soldiers helper or the best friend of the soldiers and it already happens right now right now especially in the Ukraine when they use the very cheap drones to to locate some enemies on the battlefield but where is this Revolution going so David what do you think the future holds what will drones uavs be doing in five or ten years time that they’re not doing now now it is much more automated than 10 years ago and I’m sure it will be changed in extended ten years and artificial intelligence is going to be important parts of that do you think mainly artificial intelligence machine learning we will take control over the uavs but in the future it will become automatic probably in near future UAV will fly over Target find the targets this side it is the Target and probably maybe in the future will attack we’re now entering ethically treacherous territory lethal machines potentially making their own decisions about whether to kill Remy vilk is sure that’s a step too far you know the war is the struggle between the humans not between the machines we can use the machines as the tools of course and as some our little helpers but never ever the machines will make a decision about life and death always the human being has to push the button but David Isn’t So convinced and do you think machines do you think AI can and should be trusted to make those decisions today not but we will see in the future I don’t know I think the world goes in this direction it’s a taste of the moral question being asked right now in those countries leading the Drone and artificial intelligence revolutions and it’s one we’ll come back to first though it is easy to get carried away with all of this but drones by themselves cannot win Wars they didn’t for example lead to victory in Afghanistan for the United States and its allies and for all the surveillance stealth and precision that drones provide the militaries that use them can still make awful mistakes as the last Americans pulled out of Kabul and the Taliban closed in tragedy piled on top of tragedy three days after a devastating suicide attack at Kabul Airport the U.S military fired missiles from a drone and what it said was an Islamic State fighter with a car full of explosives but it wasn’t it was a civilian and his family ten people died seven of them children if that intelligence system doesn’t work properly as it didn’t in that case and if the kill chain as it’s called is polluted by poor information then it doesn’t matter what delivery system you have you’re going to get events like that why is it do you think that that all of the technological superiority that the West had in Afghanistan why did that technological superiority not translate to an ultimate Victory because we had no strategic or political objective that anyone could identify and we didn’t appreciate or realize that our enemies wanted wanted to win this more than we did and were better equipped to do so in that they knew the ground they knew the people and they hated us it’s important to hold on to these points as the artificial intelligence Dawn breaks more than a battle of Technologies war is a battle of wills a low-tech force can still defeat a better equipped and resourced enemy if it wants it more and any high-tech weapon AI included is only as safe and precise as the information that feeds it this is something campaigners against lethal AI are well aware of this is slaughterbots your kids probably have one of these right an arms control advocacy film not quite made in 2017. that skill is all AI inside here is three grams of shaped explosive this is how it works well people don’t it imagines a near future reality where as the Slick Tech entrepreneur on stage puts it let’s watch the weapons make the decisions but of course in this fiction letting weapons make decisions goes horribly wrong Sinister man release assassin drone swarms to kill political opponents and student activists it’s a dystopian warning about a possible tomorrow but it’s imagined future is starting to look disconcertingly similar to the technology available in our real life present day okay Elizabeth I’m going to show you this video tell me your response Elizabeth minor is an arms control campaigner for the group stop Killer Robots and I’m showing her the promo for a new Israeli military drone conducts GPS navigation flight scanning mapping enemy detection and lethality in a complex Urban environment lanius and the slaughterbots are jarringly similar lanius isn’t yet making its own decisions to kill a person is but this is a design choice not a technological inability the show’s direction of travel that we’re seeing in terms of developments in increasing autonomy and weapon systems one major concern that we have is that with autonomous weapons there’s an erosion of human control over the use of force and also the increasing automation of decisions to kill to take a human life how do you stop Killer Robots what’s what’s the process we want to see a treaty negotiated by States at an international level to prohibit certain autonomous weapon systems so those that automatically Target people and also systems that can’t be meaningfully controlled [Music] every few seconds for their long and hazardous flight Japan 1945 a new and terrible era of Destruction as World War II Drew to a close the U.S dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki the horror was so immense they’ve never been used in war again Nations have pledged together to keep them in check it’s a model campaigners want to repeat for autonomous weapons only this time catching a destructive new technology before it proliferates many of the people involved in the nuclear program look back on that and thoughts rather than opening Pandora’s Box we should just keep we should just have kept it shut and The Advocates of a of a band so-called on autonomous weapons their claim is and it’s a very plausible one which needs to be taken seriously we are at the same moment in history with these systems we need to keep the Box closed you can’t put them back in but if we don’t open the box we won’t see these risks Tom Simpson is an Oxford University philosopher who draws from his background in the British Marines to explore the moral complexities of force we have a fear of being predated on and I think what autonomous weapons raise that I think they raise that fear in a new way that we would actually be creating kind of a new species that will predate on humans so you can understand the fear and he can see the arguments for constraining the technology but does Tom believe them himself as a philosopher I don’t know how powerful these systems are going to be they may be underwhelming they may also be extremely powerful and if there’s a situation where there’s an adversary nation which possesses these systems and Britain has decided not to do so I would view that as a dereliction of responsibility I’d review the government that made that decision as having failed in its duty to protect British people this is the conundrum that faces any government weighing the risks of developing military Ai and autonomous weapons few people are more aware of this than Lieutenant General Jack Shanahan as director of The pentagon’s Joint Artificial Intelligence Center it was Jack’s job to make sure the U.S military was taking AI seriously now retired he can speak more freely is there anything about the coming age of AI autonomous weapons that keeps you up at night the idea of weapons being released off of autonomous systems that do not have a human in the decision-making process anywhere no Commander I have ever known would be satisfied with an autonomous weapon system that was making life to death decisions without a human involved somewhere what I’m concerned about does every country do the same thing if if not then we’re in an AI race to the bottom there are plenty of people who are scared of this killer robot future and they want to put a break on the development of AI do you sympathize at all with them so I think what we’re not going to see immediately is anybody to say we just flat out ban these systems we don’t know enough about them there’s not enough support to be able to ban them and I think we all are trying to understand what these capabilities will do over the next you know decade is the us talking to China talking to Russia about this yeah uh at least on an unofficial level you call track two dialogues these are ongoing Converse stations that we have is the coming age of AI and drones going to make the weapon systems that we’ve come to take for granted warships jet planes uh tanks things like that is it going to make those obsidies there are some people say we just need to give up on all these Legacy systems and jump into this miracle future of AI it’s not going to happen one politically it will never happen because you have people lobbying for these systems but two it’s also unrealistic to think these capabilities will develop that quickly on the AI side what we will see is a is a way to bridge what I call Legacy systems the more traditional big weapon systems with some of these Ai and capabilities that will make a better weapon systems and you’ll use it in different ways what’s the US military using AI for right now mostly things like image recognition also a lot of object detection classification and tracking What machines do is get through massive amounts of information almost instantly and then begin to say to say an analyst look here or to an operator look here so it’s really I want I want to say they’re mundane uses of AIS but they’re they’re definitely not headline grabbing uses of AI yet I’ll tell you what I never worked on was Killer Robots there were no legal autonomous weapon systems because the technology was still um new and we had so many different ways we could use AI to help improve operations everywhere else in the department that that was not at the top of our list of things someone will be prioritizing Killer Robots though so the arms race to counter swarms is well underway the U.S company drone Shield hopes its drone guns will add a layer to the defenses they can force down commercial drones being used to take on civilian or military targets so how simple is this to use it’s essentially a point-and-shoot device essentially what this does is it interferes with the communication link the video end as well as the navigation much like you and I are having a conversation here we can hear each other speak if someone were to introduce a concert speaker into the equation we couldn’t hear ourselves communicate this device is acting as a concert speaker to interrupt the communication the way CEO Matt mcgrane tells it police and militaries are having to play catch-up what are the threats coming down the line that you can see you having to respond to uh we’re seeing that start now um so more autonomous operations everyone talks about drone swarms it doesn’t have to be like you see in Hollywood 50 drones flying across but 10 could provide a challenge for certain systems today uh what’s most worrisome is that the technology for a large-scale attack exists today the fact that we haven’t seen it yet is fortunate sounds like you don’t think the threat is being taken seriously enough yet not a cross not across all domains foreign [Music] Ukraine shows us that drones are a versatile and economical weapon in the modern military Arsenal they’re here to stay and the Armed Forces of developed nations would increasingly be reliant on machine learning but whether they allow lethal systems to make their own kill decisions will become a dominant issue as AI develops I wouldn’t like to be in on the battlefield 10 years hence I think it’ll be a very lethal place the swarming is one area that I think is important the other area that I think is important is miniaturization especially in with when it comes to arm drones there’s going to be a great many conflicts I expect in the future which have similar characteristics to the Afghan campaign in which Reliance on technology will not just not help you win it may actively help you lose I can see a future where countries that are more interested in effect than ethics would entirely or could and almost entirely Outsource their combat to ml to machine learning or AI I’m less immediately concerned with the Terminator and more concerned with AI enabled surveillance in in countries such as China and elsewhere I suspect the battlefield of 30 years time will probably be pretty similar to the battlefield we have today and the Ukraine crisis exhibits this as well that it’s entirely recognizable to a World War II Colonel no one has a crystal ball predictions invariably contain guesswork but two things are certain humans will always find reasons to fight and humans always look for more efficient ways to kill each other .

Déroulement de la vidéo:

0.42 foreign
0.42 [Music]
0.42 Ukraine has seen the proliferation of
0.42 drones on the battlefield the military
0.42 advantages are obvious especially for a
0.42 competent taking on a more
0.42 conventionally powerful foe but does the
0.42 increasing sophistication of this
0.42 technology point to a future in which Ai
0.42 and autonomous weapons also become
0.42 commonplace and if it does what ethical
0.42 questions might that raise
0.42 foreign
0.42 [Music]
0.42 the misery of a major conflict has
0.42 returned to Europe
0.42 Russia&;s invasion of its neighbor has
0.42 killed tens of thousands of people and
0.42 shocked the world
0.42 families and civilians have been caught
0.42 up in the bloodshed
0.42 with its trenches tanks and artillery
0.42 it&;s the kind of fighting Europe thought
0.42 it had left behind
0.42 in the 20th century
0.42 but this war has also been a
0.42 Battleground for some very modern
0.42 technology it is the world&;s first
0.42 full-scale drone War
0.42 this film is about how drones are
0.42 changing the way we fight today
0.42 but it&;s also about tomorrow and the
0.42 coming age of AI autonomous weapons and
0.42 the complicated ethical questions we may
0.42 all have to face
0.42 for the first time the U.S army tested a
0.42 new radio Target plane fitted with
0.42 remote control
0.42 you&;re ready for landing possession
0.42 whether you call them uavs rpvs or
0.42 drones they&;re older than you think
0.42 I have this great quote published in the
0.42 New York Times in 1946 that says drones
0.42 are not new
0.42 Eureka Franca is a senior policy fellow
0.42 at the European Council of foreign
0.42 relations and an expert on how
0.42 Technologies affect Warfare but
0.42 he say that kind of modern drones the
0.42 things we&;re looking at at the moment
0.42 really came about at the turn of the
0.42 Millennium which basically has to do
0.42 with the fact that this is the moment
0.42 where a lot of Technologies develop
0.42 it was the era of America&;s so-called
0.42 war on terror from the safety of U.S air
0.42 bases operators piloted armed predators
0.42 and Reapers over Afghanistan Iraq
0.42 Pakistan Somalia and Yemen
0.42 this wasn&;t just Death from Above This
0.42 was death from the other side of the
0.42 world the remote&;s technological might
0.42 have the most powerful military on the
0.42 planet versus fighters in Dusty cars and
0.42 Dusty towns and the civilians caught in
0.42 the wrong places at the wrong times
0.42 uh
0.42 foreign
0.42 foreign
0.42 but two recent Wars show how drones can
0.42 be used by more evenly matched enemies
0.42 in September 2020 azerbaijani troops and
0.42 tanks poured across the line of contact
0.42 into armenian-controlled
0.42 nagorno-karabakh
0.42 a frozen conflict reignited
0.42 during nagorno-karabakh particularly
0.42 those Ares leveraged
0.42 Turkish and their own technology to give
0.42 the Armenians let&;s put it this way a
0.42 very hard time
0.42 Azerbaijan used drones bought from
0.42 turkey and Israel to destroy seemingly
0.42 defenseless Armenian troops and armor on
0.42 the ground and then broadcast the videos
0.42 to the world
0.42 what drones basically give you is a
0.42 camera team that follows you every move
0.42 if you do into a drone operation you
0.42 always film everything you do take
0.42 pictures and all of this and of course
0.42 this material can then be used for what
0.42 information Warfare for propaganda
0.42 purposes but I wouldn&;t want to overplay
0.42 the role of of drones in that war
0.42 it&;s very difficult to overplay however
0.42 the role of drones in Ukraine Ukraine
0.42 has shown us where drone Warfare is
0.42 going
0.42 in such high attrition combat commercial
0.42 quadcopters are cheap and plentiful
0.42 enough to be an almost disposable
0.42 Frontline tool the ukrainians are using
0.42 these and more advanced drones for tasks
0.42 both lethal
0.42 and otherwise
0.42 the Drone filming this is guiding its
0.42 surrendering Russian to waiting
0.42 Ukrainian troops
0.42 here a drone is retrieving a Russian
0.42 military radio
0.42 now ukrainians can eavesdrop on their
0.42 enemies plans
0.42 this as two drones actually fighting
0.42 each other machine against machine in a
0.42 battle for the skies
0.42 in Ukraine they really are coming up
0.42 with with novel ways of how to how to
0.42 use drones using them to attack ships
0.42 the October strike on Russia&;s Black Sea
0.42 Fleet using specially designed military
0.42 sea drones is perhaps the most audacious
0.42 use of drones in the war so far
0.42 but the really revolutionary thing about
0.42 drones I would argue is the surveillance
0.42 and reconnaissance they provide because
0.42 all of a sudden you get really cheaply
0.42 really easily 24 7 surveillance in the
0.42 sky and at quite low hierarchical levels
0.42 uh in an armed Forest this has
0.42 transforms the use of artillery live
0.42 drone pictures show gun Crews where to
0.42 Fire and misses can be corrected so the
0.42 next strike hits
0.42 certainly Ukraine&;s drone use has been
0.42 the more Innovative but Russia is waging
0.42 drone Warfare too and for many of the
0.42 same tasks surveillance artillery
0.42 correction and attack
0.42 foreign
0.42 August 2022 a new Menace appears in
0.42 Ukraine Skies these distinctive
0.42 exploding drones are much cheaper than
0.42 missiles and waves of them can overwhelm
0.42 a city&;s air defenses
0.42 desperate police try to shoot them down
0.42 as they come in
0.42 Russia launches them but actually
0.42 they&;re the Iranian Shah head 136 and
0.42 its smaller version the 131.
0.42 we&;ve been taken through pretty tight
0.42 security to get here this is in a
0.42 building run by Ukraine&;s Military
0.42 Intelligence they want to show us these
0.42 the Iranian drones that have been
0.42 hitting Ukraine cities
0.42 I&;m getting rare access to recovered
0.42 examples Ukraine&;s Military Intelligence
0.42 has been studying them carefully so
0.42 these are the shower heads right
0.42 this is 136 136 so this is the one
0.42 that&;s been hitting cities
0.42 and it&;s what&;s inside these drones
0.42 that&;s particularly surprising the guts
0.42 are almost entirely commercial
0.42 Electronics from around the world
0.42 so this is Canadian right
0.42 so that&;s interesting because it shows
0.42 that despite being under sanctions Iran
0.42 is still managing to get hold of
0.42 components like this according to the
0.42 intelligence officer the only Iranian
0.42 thing they discovered inside was the
0.42 engine what have you found out from
0.42 these drones here that help you combat
0.42 future attacks
0.42 [Music]
0.42 um
0.42 [Music]
0.42 indeed whether by jamming or shooting
0.42 them down Ukraine&;s success rates
0.42 against the Shah heads is now 90
0.42 sometimes 100 percent in short they&;ve
0.42 adapted
0.42 [Music]
0.42 for the firms leading this 21st Century
0.42 Arms race there is no better laboratory
0.42 for their technology than War
0.42 these Ukrainian troops are using fly-eye
0.42 made by the Polish defense firm WB group
0.42 it&;s largely automated and can fly for
0.42 six hours watching everything going on
0.42 below
0.42 the company also makes warmate a
0.42 swarmable loitering munition believed to
0.42 have been used in this attack on a
0.42 Russian base
0.42 [Music]
0.42 neither platform is new but in WB
0.42 group&;s Warsaw showroom its Executives
0.42 tell me what they&;re learning from the
0.42 war next door is vital we get the
0.42 feedback every day from crying out and
0.42 we are updating using this feedback we
0.42 update the system day by day
0.42 so
0.42 every week the system is better this
0.42 symbiotic information Loop is now
0.42 accelerating the development of drones
0.42 we just on our own eyes see the
0.42 revolution see the when the drones are
0.42 the best
0.42 soldiers helper or the best friend of
0.42 the soldiers and it already happens
0.42 right now right now especially in the
0.42 Ukraine when they use the very cheap
0.42 drones to to locate some enemies on the
0.42 battlefield but where is this Revolution
0.42 going
0.42 so David what do you think the future
0.42 holds what will drones uavs be doing in
0.42 five or ten years time that they&;re not
0.42 doing now now it is much more automated
0.42 than 10 years ago and I&;m sure it will
0.42 be changed in extended ten years and
0.42 artificial intelligence is going to be
0.42 important parts of that do you think
0.42 mainly artificial intelligence machine
0.42 learning we will take control over the
0.42 uavs but in the future it will become
0.42 automatic probably in near future
0.42 UAV will fly over Target find the
0.42 targets this side it is the Target and
0.42 probably maybe in the future will attack
0.42 we&;re now entering ethically treacherous
0.42 territory lethal machines potentially
0.42 making their own decisions about whether
0.42 to kill
0.42 Remy vilk is sure that&;s a step too far
0.42 you know the war is the struggle between
0.42 the humans not between the machines we
0.42 can use the machines as the tools of
0.42 course and as some our little helpers
0.42 but never ever the machines will make a
0.42 decision about life and death always the
0.42 human being has to push the button but
0.42 David Isn&;t So convinced and do you
0.42 think machines do you think AI can and
0.42 should be trusted to make those
0.42 decisions today not but we will see in
0.42 the future I don&;t know
0.42 I think the world goes in this direction
0.42 it&;s a taste of the moral question being
0.42 asked right now in those countries
0.42 leading the Drone and artificial
0.42 intelligence revolutions and it&;s one
0.42 we&;ll come back to
0.42 first though it is easy to get carried
0.42 away with all of this but drones by
0.42 themselves cannot win Wars they didn&;t
0.42 for example lead to victory in
0.42 Afghanistan for the United States and
0.42 its allies and for all the surveillance
0.42 stealth and precision that drones
0.42 provide the militaries that use them can
0.42 still make awful mistakes
0.42 as the last Americans pulled out of
0.42 Kabul and the Taliban closed in tragedy
0.42 piled on top of tragedy three days after
0.42 a devastating suicide attack at Kabul
0.42 Airport the U.S military fired missiles
0.42 from a drone and what it said was an
0.42 Islamic State fighter with a car full of
0.42 explosives
0.42 but it wasn&;t it was a civilian and his
0.42 family
0.42 ten people died seven of them children
0.42 if that intelligence system doesn&;t work
0.42 properly as it didn&;t in that case and
0.42 if the kill chain as it&;s called is
0.42 polluted by poor information then it
0.42 doesn&;t matter what delivery system you
0.42 have you&;re going to get events like
0.42 that why is it do you think that that
0.42 all of the technological superiority
0.42 that the West had in Afghanistan why did
0.42 that technological superiority not
0.42 translate to an ultimate Victory because
0.42 we had no strategic or political
0.42 objective that anyone could identify and
0.42 we didn&;t appreciate or realize that our
0.42 enemies wanted wanted to win this more
0.42 than we did and were better equipped to
0.42 do so in that they knew the ground they
0.42 knew the people and they hated us
0.42 it&;s important to hold on to these
0.42 points as the artificial intelligence
0.42 Dawn breaks more than a battle of
0.42 Technologies war is a battle of wills a
0.42 low-tech force can still defeat a better
0.42 equipped and resourced enemy if it wants
0.42 it more and any high-tech weapon AI
0.42 included is only as safe and precise as
0.42 the information that feeds it this is
0.42 something campaigners against lethal AI
0.42 are well aware of
0.42 this is slaughterbots your kids probably
0.42 have one of these right an arms control
0.42 advocacy film not quite made in 2017.
0.42 that skill is all AI
0.42 inside here
0.42 is three grams of shaped explosive this
0.42 is how it works
0.42 well people don&;t it imagines a near
0.42 future reality where as the Slick Tech
0.42 entrepreneur on stage puts it let&;s
0.42 watch the weapons make the decisions
0.42 but of course in this fiction letting
0.42 weapons make decisions goes horribly
0.42 wrong Sinister man release assassin
0.42 drone swarms to kill political opponents
0.42 and student activists
0.42 it&;s a dystopian warning about a
0.42 possible tomorrow
0.42 but it&;s imagined future is starting to
0.42 look disconcertingly similar to the
0.42 technology available in our real life
0.42 present day okay Elizabeth I&;m going to
0.42 show you this video tell me your
0.42 response Elizabeth minor is an arms
0.42 control campaigner for the group stop
0.42 Killer Robots and I&;m showing her the
0.42 promo for a new Israeli military drone
0.42 conducts GPS navigation flight scanning
0.42 mapping enemy detection and lethality in
0.42 a complex Urban environment
0.42 lanius and the slaughterbots are
0.42 jarringly similar lanius isn&;t yet
0.42 making its own decisions to kill a
0.42 person is but this is a design choice
0.42 not a technological inability
0.42 the show&;s direction of travel that
0.42 we&;re seeing in terms of developments in
0.42 increasing autonomy and weapon systems
0.42 one major concern that we have is that
0.42 with autonomous weapons there&;s an
0.42 erosion of human control over the use of
0.42 force and also the increasing automation
0.42 of decisions to kill to take a human
0.42 life how do you stop Killer Robots
0.42 what&;s what&;s the process we want to see
0.42 a treaty negotiated by States at an
0.42 international level to prohibit certain
0.42 autonomous weapon systems so those that
0.42 automatically Target people and also
0.42 systems that can&;t be meaningfully
0.42 controlled
0.42 [Music]
0.42 every few seconds for their long and
0.42 hazardous flight Japan 1945
0.42 a new and terrible era of Destruction
0.42 as World War II Drew to a close the U.S
0.42 dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and
0.42 Nagasaki
0.42 the horror was so immense they&;ve never
0.42 been used in war again Nations have
0.42 pledged together to keep them in check
0.42 it&;s a model campaigners want to repeat
0.42 for autonomous weapons only this time
0.42 catching a destructive new technology
0.42 before it proliferates many of the
0.42 people involved in the nuclear program
0.42 look back on that and thoughts
0.42 rather than opening Pandora&;s Box we
0.42 should just keep we should just have
0.42 kept it shut
0.42 and The Advocates of a of a band
0.42 so-called on autonomous weapons their
0.42 claim is and it&;s a very plausible one
0.42 which needs to be taken seriously we are
0.42 at the same moment in history with these
0.42 systems we need to keep the Box closed
0.42 you can&;t put them back in but if we
0.42 don&;t open the box we won&;t see these
0.42 risks Tom Simpson is an Oxford
0.42 University philosopher who draws from
0.42 his background in the British Marines to
0.42 explore the moral complexities of force
0.42 we have a fear of being predated on
0.42 and I think what autonomous weapons
0.42 raise that I think they raise that fear
0.42 in a new way that we would actually be
0.42 creating kind of a new species that will
0.42 predate on humans so you can understand
0.42 the fear and he can see the arguments
0.42 for constraining the technology but does
0.42 Tom believe them himself
0.42 as a philosopher I don&;t know how
0.42 powerful these systems are going to be
0.42 they may be underwhelming they may also
0.42 be extremely powerful
0.42 and if there&;s a situation where there&;s
0.42 an adversary nation which possesses
0.42 these systems and Britain has decided
0.42 not to do so
0.42 I would view that as a dereliction of
0.42 responsibility I&;d review the government
0.42 that made that decision as having failed
0.42 in its duty to protect British people
0.42 this is the conundrum that faces any
0.42 government weighing the risks of
0.42 developing military Ai and autonomous
0.42 weapons
0.42 few people are more aware of this than
0.42 Lieutenant General Jack Shanahan as
0.42 director of The pentagon&;s Joint
0.42 Artificial Intelligence Center it was
0.42 Jack&;s job to make sure the U.S military
0.42 was taking AI seriously now retired he
0.42 can speak more freely
0.42 is there anything about the coming age
0.42 of AI autonomous weapons that keeps you
0.42 up at night the idea of weapons being
0.42 released off of autonomous systems that
0.42 do not have a human in the
0.42 decision-making process anywhere no
0.42 Commander I have ever known would be
0.42 satisfied with an autonomous weapon
0.42 system that was making life to death
0.42 decisions without a human involved
0.42 somewhere what I&;m concerned about does
0.42 every country do the same thing if if
0.42 not then we&;re in an AI race to the
0.42 bottom there are plenty of people who
0.42 are scared of this killer robot future
0.42 and they want to put a break on the
0.42 development of AI do you sympathize at
0.42 all with them so I think what we&;re not
0.42 going to see immediately is anybody to
0.42 say we just flat out ban these systems
0.42 we don&;t know enough about them there&;s
0.42 not enough support to be able to ban
0.42 them and I think we all are trying to
0.42 understand what these capabilities will
0.42 do over the next you know decade is the
0.42 us talking to China talking to Russia
0.42 about this yeah uh at least on an
0.42 unofficial level you call track two
0.42 dialogues these are ongoing Converse
0.42 stations that we have is the coming age
0.42 of AI and drones going to make the
0.42 weapon systems that we&;ve come to take
0.42 for granted warships jet planes uh tanks
0.42 things like that is it going to make
0.42 those obsidies there are some people say
0.42 we just need to give up on all these
0.42 Legacy systems and jump into this
0.42 miracle future of AI it&;s not going to
0.42 happen one politically it will never
0.42 happen because you have people lobbying
0.42 for these systems but two it&;s also
0.42 unrealistic to think these capabilities
0.42 will develop that quickly on the AI side
0.42 what we will see is a is a way to bridge
0.42 what I call Legacy systems the more
0.42 traditional big weapon systems with some
0.42 of these Ai and capabilities that will
0.42 make a better weapon systems and you&;ll
0.42 use it in different ways what&;s the US
0.42 military using AI for right now mostly
0.42 things like image recognition also a lot
0.42 of object detection classification and
0.42 tracking What machines do is get through
0.42 massive amounts of information almost
0.42 instantly and then begin to say to say
0.42 an analyst look here or to an operator
0.42 look here so it&;s really I want I want
0.42 to say they&;re mundane uses of AIS but
0.42 they&;re they&;re definitely not headline
0.42 grabbing uses of AI yet I&;ll tell you
0.42 what I never worked on was Killer Robots
0.42 there were no legal autonomous weapon
0.42 systems because the technology was still
0.42 um new and we had so many different ways
0.42 we could use AI to help improve
0.42 operations everywhere else in the
0.42 department that that was not at the top
0.42 of our list of things
0.42 someone will be prioritizing Killer
0.42 Robots though
0.42 so the arms race to counter swarms is
0.42 well underway
0.42 the U.S company drone Shield hopes its
0.42 drone guns will add a layer to the
0.42 defenses they can force down commercial
0.42 drones being used to take on civilian or
0.42 military targets
0.42 so how simple is this to use it&;s
0.42 essentially a point-and-shoot device
0.42 essentially what this does is it
0.42 interferes with the communication link
0.42 the video end as well as the navigation
0.42 much like you and I are having a
0.42 conversation here we can hear each other
0.42 speak if someone were to introduce a
0.42 concert speaker into the equation we
0.42 couldn&;t hear ourselves communicate this
0.42 device is acting as a concert speaker to
0.42 interrupt the communication the way CEO
0.42 Matt mcgrane tells it police and
0.42 militaries are having to play catch-up
0.42 what are the threats coming down the
0.42 line that you can see you having to
0.42 respond to uh we&;re seeing that start
0.42 now
0.42 um so more autonomous operations
0.42 everyone talks about drone swarms it
0.42 doesn&;t have to be like you see in
0.42 Hollywood 50 drones flying across but 10
0.42 could provide a challenge for certain
0.42 systems today uh what&;s most worrisome
0.42 is that the technology for a large-scale
0.42 attack exists today
0.42 the fact that we haven&;t seen it yet is
0.42 fortunate sounds like you don&;t think
0.42 the threat is being taken seriously
0.42 enough yet not a cross not across all
0.42 domains
0.42 foreign
0.42 [Music]
0.42 Ukraine shows us that drones are a
0.42 versatile and economical weapon in the
0.42 modern military Arsenal they&;re here to
0.42 stay
0.42 and the Armed Forces of developed
0.42 nations would increasingly be reliant on
0.42 machine learning
0.42 but whether they allow lethal systems to
0.42 make their own kill decisions will
0.42 become a dominant issue as AI develops
0.42 I wouldn&;t like to be in on the
0.42 battlefield 10 years hence I think it&;ll
0.42 be a very lethal place the swarming is
0.42 one area that I think is important the
0.42 other area that I think is important is
0.42 miniaturization especially in with when
0.42 it comes to arm drones there&;s going to
0.42 be a great many conflicts I expect in
0.42 the future which have similar
0.42 characteristics to the Afghan campaign
0.42 in which Reliance on technology will not
0.42 just not help you win it may actively
0.42 help you lose I can see a future where
0.42 countries that are
0.42 more interested in
0.42 effect than ethics would entirely or
0.42 could and almost entirely Outsource
0.42 their combat to ml to machine learning
0.42 or AI I&;m less immediately concerned
0.42 with the Terminator and more concerned
0.42 with AI enabled surveillance in in
0.42 countries such as China and elsewhere I
0.42 suspect the battlefield of 30 years time
0.42 will probably be pretty similar to the
0.42 battlefield we have today
0.42 and the Ukraine crisis exhibits this as
0.42 well that it&;s entirely recognizable to
0.42 a World War II Colonel
0.42 no one has a crystal ball
0.42 predictions invariably contain guesswork
0.42 but two things are certain humans will
0.42 always find reasons to fight
0.42 and humans always look for more
0.42 efficient ways to kill each other
.