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Notez la durée de la vidéo (00:50:35s), le titre (Why This Russian Drone Developer Isn’t Impressed by U.S. Tech) ainsi que l’auteur, suivis de la description :« Cette vidéo a été réalisée au nom d’Axcap Ventures Inc, et a été financée par Gold Standard Media LLC et / ou affiliés. Pour notre avertissement complet, veuillez visiter: https://portal.goldstandardir.com/disclaimer/garlf-367 Apprenez plus AXCAP Ventures – https://www.axcapventures.ca/ CSE: AXCP I otc: Garlf dans cette interview exclusive, je m’assois avec un avenir russe. Des drones Kamikaze FPV et des systèmes de guidage en fibre optique aux tactiques de brouillage et à la montée des drones intercepteurs – nous couvrons tout. Nous discutons également de la façon dont la Russie et l’Ukraine sont devenues les laboratoires de guerre des drones les plus avancés au monde, ce qui rend la technologie chinoise en deçà et pourquoi l’Occident a du mal à rattraper son retard. Sergey’s Telegram – https://t.me/uavdev Version russe (руская Версия) – https://youtu.be/eir_ojwwte si vous souhaitez soutenir Real Reporter: paypal – https://paypal.me/realreporter ».

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Des Solutions Professionnelles Aériennes : Entreprise de Drone

En France, l’essor des drones professionnels a bouleversé de nombreux domaines. Que ce soit pour la surveillance environnementale, l’évaluation des infrastructures ou encore la modélisation 3D, ces dispositifs offrent des angles de vue inédits avec une précision et une efficacité améliorées. Dans le contexte actuel, faire appel à une entreprise de drone est une solution incontournable pour répondre aux besoins des particuliers, des collectivités et des entreprises.

Un drone professionnel peut, grâce aux avancées technologiques, mener à bien des missions multiples avec une grande précision. On l’emploie pour l’inspection de bâtiments, la surveillance de chantiers, la cartographie de terrains et la réalisation de films et productions audiovisuelles. Pour garantir un travail de qualité, il est impératif de solliciter des pilotes formés et certifiés par la DGAC.

La sécurité des inspections techniques est assurée grâce à un drone. Il permet d’évaluer l’état des infrastructures, de détecter d’éventuels défauts et d’améliorer la gestion des risques. Grâce aux prises de vue aériennes, on peut réaliser des images et vidéos en haute définition, parfaites pour des projets de communication, des tournages de films ou des suivis de chantiers. En recourant à la cartographie et à la modélisation, on peut obtenir des reconstructions en 3D de bâtiments et des relevés topographiques de haute précision.

Obtenir une certification de la DGAC est indispensable pour travailler en tant que pilote de drone professionnel. La formation intègre la gestion des vols en zones spécifiques, le respect des protocoles de sécurité et la maîtrise des réglementations. Grâce à ces compétences, on peut réaliser des missions légalement et répondre aux attentes des clients.

SupraDrone est un expert français dans le domaine des services de drone professionnel. Présent dans différentes régions et départements en France, il s’occupe de toutes les formalités administratives relatives aux vols de drones. En collaboration avec la DGAC, les services des préfectures et les mairies, les autorisations sont gérées par SupraDrone et la conformité réglementaire est assurée avant chaque mission.

Une fois les procédures validées, SupraDrone sollicite ses opérateurs de drone locaux pour effectuer des prestations en fonction des demandes des clients. Que ce soit une production audiovisuelle, une inspection technique ou une mission de cartographie, chaque projet est dirigé par un pilote qualifié. Cette organisation permet à l’entreprise de s’assurer d’une intervention rapide et efficace, tout en proposant un accompagnement sur-mesure dans chaque région. En fusionnant expertise technique et administration optimisée, SupraDrone s’affirme comme un acteur incontournable du secteur du drone professionnel en France.

Basé à Paris, SupraDrone collabore étroitement avec la DGAC et les services administratifs pour gérer les autorisations de vol. Son implantation en régions lui permet d’assurer des interventions en moins de 24 heures avec des télépilotes expérimentés. Plus d’informations

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#Russian #Drone #Developer #Isnt #Impressed #U.S #Tech

Retranscription des paroles de la vidéo: Would you say that Russia and Ukraine are now the two most advanced countries when it comes to drone development? Absolutely. The Americans sent switchblades turned out to be total junk. If we’re talking about what actually worked from the West in this war, it’s Starlink. If you take Starlink away from Ukraine, their naval drones are done. The Chinese unveiled their own version of a heavy drone. The problem with Chinese weapons is they build everything like it’s a toy. Early in the war, most injuries and deaths came from artillery. Now it seems like 70% of casualties are from drones. When it comes to protecting foot soldiers, the only real defense is to run fast. Backpack jammers are useless. Is there any counter measure against fiber optic drones? Nope. Ukrainian vehicles roll up and the drone launches just 15 m away. Those Ukrainian drivers don’t stand a chance. That was pure hell for the Ukrainians. There’s that viral video of a Russian drone operator sitting in Moscow flying a drone somewhere over Donbass. Operators aren’t exactly athletes. Most are gamers. And now they’re expected to lug around body armor and a helmet. One of the most infamous Ukrainian drones, at least in Russia, is Baba Yaga. About a year ago, the Ukrainians figured out how to drop anti-tank mines from Baba Yaga. That explosion is very convincing. What about the Gan drones? Ukrainians keep calling them shaheds. They’re wrong. These drones are far beyond shaheds at this point. What exactly is a drone interceptor? It’s a drone built specifically to take down other drones, mainly high altitude ones. Where do you see drone technology going in the next 10 years? Private developers, simply because they’re more flexible and more motivated, can innovate much faster, way faster than these slow, clunky state-owned enterprises where half the staff is just there to collect a paycheck. My today’s guest is Sigay, a Russian engineer and entrepreneur developing military drones for the Russian army. At the start of the war, Russia was embarrassingly behind in drone warfare. But as the battlefield evolved, private startups like Serge stepped in to help Moscow catch up. Now Russia is closing the gap with Ukraine, not just in the number of drones, but in their quality and tactical innovation. What makes this conversation stand out is Serge’s perspective. He’s not part of the military, which gives him a rare level of freedom to speak openly. His insights into modern and future drone warfare are sharp and at times surprisingly candid. This interview was recorded in Russian. I’ve translated and dubbed it into English using AI tools made possible by the generous support of my patrons. It’s only when the war begins that our weaknesses get exposed. If you prefer to listen in the original Russian, there is a link in the description below. Now, let’s dive in. Sergey. Sergey. Hi. Could you tell us where we are and what do you do here? This is one of our design bureaus. I won’t say exactly where it’s located for obvious reasons. This is where we put together small batches of experimental models, drones, and other tech that are still in development. These prototypes are used in a wide range of scientific and technical fields, so to speak. from what you’re allowed to show. What are you currently working on? I I noticed you’ve got something over there all wrapped up. Can Can I take a closer look? That’s one of our heavy class experimental drones currently prepped for a test run. Unfortunately, I can’t reveal much about it just yet. We’re still under certain restrictions. I just noticed the propellers. I I’ve never seen anything like that. They’re made of wood. the book. Yes, they are. Beachwood to be precise. It might seem unusual today, but wooden propellers are actually part of aviation history. That’s how it all started. And in the context of real large scale warfare, military equipment becomes very utilitarian, very fast. A wooden propeller is around 10 times cheaper to produce than a carbon fiber one. And in terms of performance, you’re only losing about 4 to 5% in efficiency. Plus, in Russia, wood is abundant and relatively inexpensive. These specific propellers cost us roughly $30 a [Applause] piece. In Russia, there is a huge state-owned enterprise that’s been mass- prodducing tanks and armored vehicles for decades. Why don’t Russia have something like that for drones? Instead, it seems like drones are being developed by small design bureaus like yours. And there are tons of them, mostly private initiatives pushing prototypes all the way to the front lines. Why did things evolve this way? Well, seems like the Russian army didn’t get the memo because the vast majority of our armed forces first heard the word UAV in 2022. That’s when the concept finally clicked for them. But the thing is, we’ve had a slow burn conflict in the Donbass since 2014. And throughout that time, drones were being used for reconnaissance, for dropping explosives. There were even early versions of kamicazi drones, but back then, funding was weak, and the idea of sending a drone on a one-way mission just seemed too expensive. I’ll admit, I thought the same way at the time, but I was wrong. Here’s the thing. When you shift the perspective and calculate based on the cost of the target being destroyed, drones turn out to be incredibly cheap with just two or three drones costing around $1,000 to $3,000 total. You can take out an entire tank or an infantry fighting vehicle. A Humvey can often be destroyed with a single hit. And by the way, a special thanks to our Western partners because where else could we have trained on so much of your equipment? You delivered it straight to the front and we got to study it up close. We figured out all the weak points. We learned exactly where to strike. For example, we learned where to hit the Abrams tank so that its rear turret compartment, the part that stores the ammo goes up in flames every time. We also figured out how to disable it completely. Its most vulnerable spot, the turbine. No question. So, you’re saying Russia’s military was late to the game? They only realized recently that drones are essential, that they need different types of them and a lot of them. And because the Russians didn’t have an established drone industry, they had no choice but to turn to the private sector to small teams like yours. Sadly, yeah, that’s exactly how it played out. The Russian military completely underestimated the importance of drones. But to be fair, I think it’s worth noting that no one was really prepared for this kind of war. Even the West, you know what, with all its tech and funding, AAK wasn’t ready. Honestly, there isn’t a single Western drone that’s proven itself effective in this conflict. Take the American Switchblade drones, for example. They sent they sent them to Ukraine and they turned out to be total garbage. The Switchblade 300, it’s a joke. That thing might be okay for chasing camels in the desert. If it hits an infantry soldier in proper armor, maybe it’ll wound him, but it won’t take him out. The Switchblade 600 is a bit more capable, but it’s insanely expensive. In practice, though, it’s just not worth the cost. You’re burning through high value gear for minimal gain. As far as I know, it’s only been used about 10 times in Ukraine total. That tells you everything you need to know. I also remember hearing about the Phoenix Ghost. Yeah, there were quite a few names being thrown around. Another one was the Scan Eagle, a drone developed by Boeing. I’ve actually got a piece of one lying around in my lab. I don’t even know how to describe it. It’s like it was built in a high school workshop. It’s so slap dash on everything’s held together with zip ties and cheap Chinese glue. And this is a product from Boeing and it costs the same as half a tank. On the Ukrainian side, most of the drones you see flying are locally made. They’ve got models like the Lea, the Fury, the Valkyrie. Even the Ukrainians gave up on Western drones. Sure, they were supplied with some early on, but the Russians jammed them almost immediately. After that, Ukraine started making their own. And honestly, Ukrainian drones are outperforming the entire Western lineup. While you think the West would have some smart people working on this stuff, of course, but the problem is uh is structural. The Americans, for example, for decades, uh they’ve been chasing camels, as we say. They haven’t faced a real military with serious weapons and tactics since uh since World War II. Now, they’re up against an actual adversary in Russia, and their systems just aren’t holding up. Now, we know the US isn’t fighting us directly. They’re keeping their distance, offering support here and there, doing things half-heartedly, maybe just testing the waters. Their defense industry and scientific community aren’t even fully engaged. Probably only 5% of their capacity is aimed at us. But even that small slice, it’s completely flopped. That 5% has utterly failed to show any real results. I get to see a lot of captured drones and I’m always curious to see how Ukrainian engineers are thinking. So far, the most consistent thing I’ve seen is their obsession with national colors. Yellow and blue wires everywhere. They even use colored electrical tape and flag colors. Everything’s wrapped in it. These here, this is debris from a Ukrainian drone. Unfortunately, it worked. Do they have a name for this drone? It’s just a basic Chinese drone. the entire internal stack. It’s all Chinese. We study some of their drones in great detail, others less. So, this one, for example, had a really poor circuit design, but to be fair, they do have some very good drones, too. So, would it be fair to say that right now Russia and Ukraine are the two most advanced countries when it comes to drone development? Absolutely. And honestly, I’d even put Ukraine slightly ahead of us, not simply because they move faster. The way their system is set up makes it much easier for private developers to work directly with the military. That allows them to design and field new solutions more quickly. They can push a prototype to the front line in no time. Here in Russia, it’s the opposite. Everything moves forward. Not because the system helps, but in spite of it, it’s all uphill. In the West, the defense sector has always worked closely with private companies, but in the Soviet Union, private enterprise didn’t exist, and Russia inherited a lot of that legacy. Our defense sector is still this closed off, self-contained world. For a private company to break into it, you need to go through these insane contracts. The kind of legal and bureaucratic madness no sane person would willingly sign up for. Yeah. But in the drone world, it’s different. Russia’s defense ministry is now buying a lot of UAVs from private firms. Yeah, we’re finally hitting a turning point. Bit by bit, private developers are being pulled into the defense orbit. But when the war started, it was total chaos. It was a mess. You’ve said that Russia and Ukraine are at the forefront of UAV development, but at the same time, both countries import a huge number of components from China. And I saw on your channel that the Chinese recently unveiled a heavy drone, kind of their own version of the Baba Yaga. So clearly, they’re making progress too, right? Yes. Components. Uh that’s true. Uh basically, we’re all dipping into the same bucket of electronic parts. But the real secret isn’t in the components. Uh it’s in how you put them together. It’s like the Paris the car rally. Uh Russia’s Kamaz trucks keep winning it. But those trucks are built using Mercedes parts. Yet somehow Mercedes doesn’t win. Kamaz does. This is the same story. We all have access to the same components and then each of us depending on our understanding and experience build something from them. Now here’s where China runs into trouble. They tend to make weapons that feel more like toys. The issue is they just don’t have real combat experience. So they don’t fully understand what military equipment actually needs to be. Real military hardware has to survive being tossed out the back of a truck into the mud, sitting in the rain for a week, getting yanked out, covered in grime, and it still has to power on and work perfectly. Chinese gear just doesn’t hold up like that. Unfortunately, they haven’t grasped that reality yet. It’s a major weakness. That said, technologically, I think China has nearly caught up with the West. If they’re not fully equal, they’re only half a step behind. But because they lack wartime experience, their military designs are still lacking where it matters. And China is supplying components to both Ukraine and Russia. Well, for Ukraine, they have access to the entire Western electronics market. Honestly, I’ve barely come across any Chinese chips in their drones. As for us, we had no choice. We had to fully switch over to a Chinese component base. And to be honest, we haven’t regretted it. The quality of Chinese chips isn’t that far off from American ones. Slightly worse, maybe, but nothing critical. And the price, it’s 20 to 100 times cheaper. Plus, they’re always available. Sanctions don’t apply to domestically produced Chinese microchips, so we can legally buy thousands of microcontrollers directly. No need to go through gray market imports or complicated third country routes. Well, that’s interesting because if you read the Western press, they often portray China as Russia’s main military ally, like they’re supplying everything needed for the front. Well, there’s China’s official stance and then there’s their unofficial stance. Officially, China says it follows all the sanctions and blocks military related exports. And in some areas, that’s true. For example, we can’t make payments to Chinese sellers using Russian bank cards anymore. A lot of products can’t be directly imported either. There are even decrees that ban the export of motors over 700 watt, which are exactly the kinds used in heavy drones. But then there’s the other side of the coin. We share a long land border with China, and there are countless private companies operating in that space. These companies handle transactions, organize shipments, and move parts across the border. And honestly, when you consider how tightly everything in China is monitored and regulated, it’s hard to believe that the government doesn’t know what’s going on. In fact, it feels more like they’re turning a blind eye or maybe even quietly approving. Because if the Chinese authorities really wanted to stop this kind of trade, they absolutely could instantly. And no one would be able to do anything about [Music] it. All right, guys. Uh before we continue our conversation with Sergey, I want to share something with you real quick. The Russia Ukraine conflict hasn’t just reshaped modern warfare. It’s also had a major impact on global markets. And one asset in particular has been quietly gaining strategic value. Gold. Take a look at this graph. It shows how much gold the world’s central banks have been buying. Since 2022, when the war in Ukraine began, central banks have gone on a buying spree, pushing gold prices to all-time highs. In fact, gold has risen over 1,000% since 2001 when it traded at just $255 an ounce. Now, some Wall Street banks believe it could hit $4,000 per ounce by 2026. But here’s the twist. Even though gold prices are soaring, gold mining companies haven’t kept up. This graph shows an index of junior gold miners and it’s actually down 63% since 2011 while gold itself is up 75% over the same period. This mismatch points to a potential supply crunch. Less gold being produced even as demand keeps rising which brings us to today’s sponsor Axap Ventures an investment firm focused on mining companies. Their flagship project is called Converse and it’s located in Nevada’s Battle Mountain Trend, a region that produces 75% of all gold in the US. So yeah, it’s a prime location. According to recent resource estimate, Xcap holds around 5.5 million ounces of gold in the ground, plus another 400,000 ounces in the inferred category. Now, here’s where it gets interesting. The company’s entire stock market value translates to about5 to $6 per ounce of uh gold in the ground. To put that in context, similar companies traded $40 to $60 per ounce. Just think about it. That’s an eight times difference. And if the market adjusts or rerates XCAP to match its peers, there could be significant upside. And management clearly thinks something is coming. In just one week, co-founder Mario Vetro bought over 240,000 shares. Another co-founder, Tyron Brightenbach, also bought in. This is called insider buying, and it’s often seen as a strong signal that management is confident that the company is about to turn a corner. In total, they’ve spent $1.2 million on XCAP shares in the first quarter of 2025. XCAP also has about $10 million in cash, which means they’re in a solid position to keep drilling and developing their projects. Do your homework, dig into the numbers, and start researching XGAP Ventures, ticker G A R LF. I think it’s a pretty compelling setup. Now, let’s get back to the interview. We’re recording this interview at a moment when peace negotiations are underway. It’s still unclear how that will end. But even if hypothetically the hot phase of the war in Ukraine wraps up this year, would you agree that no one is going to stop working on drones? It just feels like this is the weapon of the future. In any future conflict, drones will play a central role. There are stats showing that early in the war, most injuries and deaths were caused by artillery and shrapnel. Now, it’s drones that account for about 70% of casualties on both sides. If you look at drones as the evolution of precisiong guided weapons, then yeah, it all makes perfect sense. Ever since the end of World War II, the trend has been clear. Shift away from unguided mass firepower and move toward precision. Just blasting away with artillery isn’t efficient anymore. You want the projectile to be smart. The Americans had the copperhead shell back in the day. We developed Cresopole. Both are guided artillery rounds, anti-tank guided missiles, air-to-surface weapons. Over time, they’ve all become more autonomous. Even aerial dog fights today are almost fully automated. Pilots don’t even see each other, and they’re firing based on blips on a radar screen. So, if you place drones in that context, they’re a natural next step in this long technological trajectory. The only thing that caught everyone off guard was just how effective such a simple, relatively lowcost piece of equipment could be. But let’s be honest, the drones we’re seeing now in this conflict are basically toys. Most of them run on Chinese flight controllers, motor drivers, and toy grade motors. That’s what’s being deployed to the battlefield. Once the war ends, the first thing that will happen is a major overhaul. These drones will be redesigned as actual military grade products. Like I said earlier, real equipment, stuff you can toss out the back of a truck into the mud. Gear that can lie in the rain for a week and still boot up and work without fail. No army is going to formally adopt something that feels like it came from a toy store. Right now, we use these makeshift drones because we have to we need to flood the front with as many strike tools as possible, and we’re willing to overlook how fragile they are. But that won’t last. So yes, drone development absolutely won’t stop, but drones will evolve. We’ll see major progress in autonomous target recognition and guidance. Because right now, electronic warfare is a serious threat. Whether it’s Russian or American systems, jamming is a real problem. If a drone has to be manually piloted all the way to the point of impact, there’s a high chance it’ll get jammed before it hits. And you also need a skilled pilot, someone with real training. But if the drone is automated, then you can hand the controller to well, let’s say a monkey, someone with zero flight skills, and they’ll just press a button. That’s much easier. The Americans are heavily leaning into this approach. Now, just look at their defense expose. All the focus is on so-called AI modules. There’s no real AI in them, of course. It’s mostly marketing, but they do have basic visual recognition systems [Music] already. So, why don’t we have real full-blown AI and drones yet? I mean, if a drone could decide where to strike and identify its own targets, wouldn’t that make electronic warfare totally useless? [Music] That’s a good question. If we set aside the ethical side of things, the moral boundaries, the international agreements about not using AI to autonomously kill people and just look at the tech, uh we still run into limitations. Think about it. You’re chatting with Chad GPT and that system runs on a massive server complex sitting in a huge data center with enormous computing power. Now imagine trying to fit that level of processing power into a tiny drone and then send that drone on a one-way mission. A drone is basically a disposable weapon. And cramming that much intelligence into a throwaway piece of gear is extremely difficult. That said, the latest chips coming out, like the new ones from Nvidia, they’re changing the game. We’re getting close to the point where it’ll be cheap and viable to build drones that can truly think for themselves. From what I understand, drones aren’t just being used as flying bombs anymore. Both sides are now using them for remote mine laying. And there is something new to what people are calling sleeper drones or ambush drones. Basically, the drone flies to a location like a roadside and just wait and when an enemy vehicle like a tank or APC drives by, the drone wakes up and strikes. Can you talk a bit more about that? Absolutely. Remote mine laying is an incredibly effective tactic and it’s actually been in use for about uh a year and a half now. It’s just become more widespread lately because we’ve got a lot more drones in circulation. Early in the war, fielding 1,000 drones was a big deal. Now, a single assembly line can crank out 40,000 drones per week. What makes remote mine laying so powerful is that it lets you remine roads the enemy thinks are safe. A supply truck might roll through, unload, and head back along the same path. But in that short window, a drone could have dropped a new mine right in the tire tracks. So the truck comes back driving on what it thinks is a cleared path and boom. That’s why this tactic is so effective. And how do you defend against something like that? Honestly, you don’t. There’s not much you can do really. It’s gotten to the point where people are dropping calrops. Yeah, calrops. The same spike things used against horses back in the Roman Empire. Now they’re welding them from rebar. They toss them all over the roads and they shred tires. And keep in mind that tires for military trucks are very expensive. The calrips themselves cost next to nothing. But one handful can blow out the tires on a military truck just like that. So, these sleeper drones, is there still an operator monitoring the feed, watching for enemy movement, and manually triggering the strike? It was actually the Ukrainians who first started using this tactics probably about a year and a half ago. And uh the way they did it was honestly pretty smart. Sometimes they’d have a drone pretend to crash, just go down somewhere near our positions and lie there like it was damaged or out of battery. And of course, that draws attention. I mean, if you spot a seemingly intact FPV drone on the ground, that’s a real find. It’s a trophy. Command might even give you a commendation for recovering it. Plus, it’s a source of spare parts. In some cases, you can even strip it down, reprogram it, and launch it right back at the enemy. So, it’s tempting. So, the soldiers wait an hour, maybe two. Nothing happens. Then someone says, « All right, let’s go grab it. » They approach, and boom, remote detonation. Same with drones placed on rooftops or hilltops overlooking roads. The enemy knows roughly when convoys are due to pass. So they land the drone wait sometimes for an hour, sometimes two tucked and depends on the battery. And when the vehicles come, the drone just takes off, flies a short distance, and hits its target. That whole tactic really took off with the rise of fiber optic drones. What makes them different from standard drones is how little power they consume when idle. A regular drone, even when it’s just sitting on the ground, still burns through 5 to 10 watts because of its video transmitter. But with fiber optic drones, the video signal travels through the cable, so the energy use is minimal. And when these drones first started showing up in the Corsk region, it was an absolute nightmare for the Ukrainians. We’re talking about drones that just sit there hidden, silent, almost invisible, and then they spring into action at the perfect moment. A Ukrainian military vehicle would drive up thinking the road is clear and then the drone launches from just 10 or 15 m away. The drivers wouldn’t even have time to react. The drone would zip forward and hit the engine and that’s it. Vehicle disabled. Since you mentioned Kursk, Ukraine recently suffered a pretty serious defeat in that region and drones using fiber optic guidance played a big role there. It was actually the first time we saw them used at that scale. But times passed since then and now it looks like the Ukrainians have fiber optic drones, too. So, are these drones still relevant? There is still no real countermeasure against them because I saw something on Telegram claiming that Ukrainians have figured out how to shoot a laser down the fiber optic line and even track the operator through it. Yet, not exactly. Lasers still fall short. They’re nowhere near reliable yet. Meanwhile, fiber optic cable has its own quirks. For example, it catches the sunlight and reflects like a spiderweb. So, in theory, if you’re flying a Mavic drone and looking down during sunrise or sunset, you might actually see those reflections and get a rough idea of where the cable is running. But Russian operators have already adapted to that. All you need is a regular cordless drill, hit the trigger, and it winds up the cable. Yeah, it eventually snaps, sure, but by that point, you’ve usually pulled in 50 to 100 m of cable, which is enough to hide your actual position. Fiber optic drones do have two main downsides. First, the cable stays on the ground, which means the enemy could follow it back to your position. It also clutters up the area and physically gets in the way. Imagine you’re charging in on a motorcycle and run straight into a bundle of fiber optic wire. Not fun. And a lot of our assault teams are using bikes now because at this stage, speed is more important than armor. The second issue is payload. The drone has to carry the spool of fiber. And if you’re using a 10 km reel, that’s a lot of weight. After all that, you’ve only got maybe 500 g left for explosives. That’s not much. So, no. Fiber optic drones aren’t some kind of wonder weapon, but in certain conditions, they’re incredibly useful, especially in areas where the enemy’s jamming systems are strong. Take the Ukrainian push into the Ksk region for example. You know how they gained the upper hand? They moved in with a massive amount of electronic warfare gear, jamming everything across the spectrum. There’s a lot of video showing how Russian fiber optic drones would first take out the escort vehicle, usually a pickup carrying a jamming system. So, first the fiber drone hits that truck, knocks out their jamming capability, and then the regular FPV drones move in and finish off the rest of the column. Russian operators adapted to this tactic really fast. Like I said before, the innovation cycle on the battlefield is insanely short right now. We’re talking 2 months, sometimes less. Whatever breakthrough you come up with today might only work once. So, I’ll say it again. Fiber optic drones are not some wonder weapon. They’re not going to win the war on their own. They’re just one tool in the toolbox. They’ve got strengths and they’ve got limitations. The key is using them smartly, mainly as a way to neutralize enemy jamming. Once that’s done, once you’ve cleared the airwaves, that’s when your regular FPV drones come in and finish the job. There was that viral video, a Russian drone operator sitting in Moscow controlling a UAV somewhere over Donbass. Yeah, the orbit system. So, it looks like Russia now has true long range remote piloting capabilities. Can you explain how that works? Is it actually revolutionary? This tech isn’t exactly revolutionary. The Ukrainians have been using uh radio relays and internet bridges for a long time already. Mostly because they’ve had access to Starlink. And Starlink, honestly, is the holy grail. If you ask me what Western technology has worked flawlessly in this war, it’s Starlink. That system has completely transformed how modern warfare looks on the ground. Take away Starlink and Ukraine’s entire fleet of naval drones disappears overnight. I’m not exaggerating. A Ukrainian naval drone is basically just a Starlink terminal with a motor and some explosives strapped to a small boat. That’s it. Remove the Starlink and the whole thing stops functioning. Why doesn’t Russia have naval drones? Well, we do have the boats and but we don’t have Starlink. That’s our problem. It all comes down to communications. Now, going back to your question, what we’re doing is essentially an internet bridge. We create a high-speed internet connection at a certain forward position and then from there a radio link is established between that point and the drone. The key advantage, you don’t need to send your drone operator to the front line. And that’s a big deal because drone operators like pilots are valuable. A skilled operator doesn’t appear overnight. It takes months, even years to train one properly. Most drone operators aren’t exactly built for combat. They’re usually gamers. And now you’re asking them to carry body armor, a helmet, gear, and hike all of that up to the front lines. So we had this idea. What if we take two strong guys, guys who don’t know how to fly a drone at all, but give them the gear. All they have to do is run out to the launch point, set up the equipment, and we made it super simple. Every cable and port is labeled. They plop the drone down on two bricks, press a button, and radio in, ready for launch. and then a trained operator out sitting in Moscow or Kiev, wherever, can take over and fly the mission remotely. That way, one operator can work non-stop covering a huge section of the front line without ever putting themselves in danger. The Ukrainians were the first to pull this off using Starlink. We’ve since caught up using our own systems and tech. That said, it’s not perfect. There’s a noticeable delay in both control response and video feed, even with Starlink, which is considered high speed. I don’t know what the latency is like on Russia’s orbit system right now, but even with Starlink, this tactic never really went mainstream. Let’s talk about some of the most iconic drones of this war. You know, the names that both Russians and Ukrainians are familiar with. We’ve already touched on fiber optic drones, but one of the most infamous Ukrainian drones, at least here in Russia, is Baba Yuga. It’s a heavy agricultural drone repurposed to drop bombs and lay mines remotely. Why has this platform stayed so relevant for so long? Is it because no one’s figured out how to counter it? Or are there counter measures now? And why doesn’t Russia have a heavy drone like this of its own? For quite a while, the Russian military dismissed drones like Ukraine’s vampire as something used by ragtag militias, not a real battlefield tool. The mindset was, « Come on, we’ve got proper aircraft. We’ve got guided bombs. Why bother with these little DIY drones when we can just send in a SU34, drop a 500 kg bomb, and wipe everything out in one strike. » That kind of thinking was pretty common. But as usual, reality hit hard. And it turned out we were wrong. The vampire drones turned out to be incredibly effective, especially after the Ukrainians about a year ago figured out how to modify them to drop anti-tank mines from them. And we’re not talking about some small improvised charge. These are real anti-tank mines packed with 6 to 8 kg of TNT. That’s a serious blast. Even if you’re safely tucked into a trench or a dugout, you still feel the shock wave in your bones. If the mine hits an exposed position or if anyone’s caught out in the open, it’s almost always fatal. And even those underground aren’t necessarily safe. Now, imagine dropping not one but three or four of these in quick succession. You can methodically wipe out an entire fortified area, bunker by bunker. At first, soldiers were hesitant to shoot these drones down, but eventually people realized most of them aren’t even manually piloted. They just fly to pre-programmed coordinates, drop their payload, and leave. That’s why some started calling them shuttles or buses. There are some versions connected via Starlink. Those are smarter. If they detect incoming fire, they can identify where it came from, fly over, and drop a mine on that position. But that’s rare. The good news is these vampire drones that despite the damage they can do are actually fairly easy to bring down, at least with the right setup. All you need is a machine gun with a thermal scope. Drones run hot. Their batteries, motors, all of it glows in infrared. It’s like watching a flare move across a dark screen. So from cover, a soldier can track them through the thermal scope and adjust aim by watching the tracer rounds. One good hit to the battery and the drone drops. That’s why you see them getting shot down fairly often now and we’ve adapted. And on our side, Russia’s already ramping up a serious response. We’ve got two full-scale factories currently under construction, each focused entirely on producing heavyass drones similar to the Vampire using Chinese sourced components. And aside from that, there’s a whole cottage industry, garage-based drone builders, all making heavy drones in their own way, however they can. But there’s a catch with the vampire drones, and they’re expensive. One of these drones costs around $12,500 for a basic model. Depending on the configuration, you’re looking at anywhere from $10,000 to $30,000 a unit. So, obviously, an average soldier can’t afford that. Not even if the whole platoon pulled their paychecks. And imagine if it gets shot down on its very first flight. That kind of equipment needs to be supplied centrally for free by the military itself. FPV drones, that’s a different story. Some of those cost around $500. That’s manageable. So, why do soldiers end up buying drones out of their own pocket? Well, picture this. You’re sitting out at a frontline outpost and you haven’t been issued any drones. Or maybe you were, but you’re told exactly how and when to use them. Meanwhile, you know your position could be attacked at any time. The enemy might try to push forward and you’re left wondering, « What do I fight back with? » So, guys, scrape together money and buy a dozen cheap FPV drones and just in case. Those drones stay with the unit and become a last resort defense tool. If the enemy breaks through or launches an assault, you’ve at least got something to strike back with. That’s why you sometimes see service members buying drones with their own cash. Sure, it’s a drop in the bucket compared to centralized procurement. But it’s happening now. When it comes to heavy drones like the Vampire, buying them privately is basically out of the question. What about the drones? cuz they’ve been around for quite a while now. And at first they looked a lot like Shaheds, you know, limited range, slow speed. Ukrainian troops were even shooting them down with machine guns. But despite that, they’re still being launched regularly. There are a lot of them. And you posted something on your channel about how the sound has changed. Probably the engines have been swapped out. [Music] So, does that mean Russia is upgrading them to keep them relevant? The Garen drones have come a long way. The original Iranian Shahed model didn’t even have stealth coating, but Russian Jirens now do. And that’s just one example of how far the platform has evolved. At this point, Jiren has moved well beyond its Iranian origins. So, when Ukrainians keep calling them shaheds, they’re wrong. These aren’t shaheds anymore. It’s been a long time since that label made sense. And honestly, that’s always been Russia’s approach. We start with someone else’s base model, but we improve it fast and then keep developing it independently. For example, we now have a jet powered version of the Jiren drone. Though the drone seen in those videos probably isn’t that one. There’s also a Garin variant running on a Wankl engine. That’s what creates that distinct highfrequency wine people have been hearing. But there’s also a theory that what’s being used is a new type of Garin fitted with a built-in siren. Kind of like the old German junkers planes that had sound devices specifically designed to intimidate like to mess with them psychologically. Yes. And honestly, that’s the goal of any weapon or to intimidate and overwhelm. The Americans said it best. War is about violence. Restraint in war is stupidity. And there’s some truth to it. That said, it’s important to point something out. The conflict with Ukraine is actually the first war in the past 100 years where military casualties have significantly outnumbered civilian ones. So when people say this is a war of extermination, that’s just not true. Look at Vietnam. Civilian casualties were far higher than military ones. But here it’s the opposite. There’s no targeted campaign to wipe out Ukrainians. The data just doesn’t support that narrative. You could say to use a boxing metaphor that this war, at least from the Russian side, is being fought with gloves on. Ukrainians are definitely going all in, fighting with everything they’ve got, but we’re still holding back in a lot of ways. In Russia, whether that’s good or bad, a big shift has already happened. A huge number of people have mentally flipped the switch. They understand now that we’re in a war. They live with that reality. Even if the war feels low intensity, even if it’s happening far from home, no one here thinks it’s somewhere else anymore. That illusion is gone. And that, weirdly enough, gives both Russians and Ukrainians an edge compared to people in the West or Europe, where life still feels peaceful and normal. Europeans don’t feel this war, but in Russia, a lot of people are already prepared for it mentally, physically, emotionally. Whether that’s good or not, that’s a tough question. You can see how the Russian government is trying to hold the line. It doesn’t encourage open calls for destroying the enemy. In fact, it’s gone so far that it’s almost comical. There was this drone one group built. They called it the pig slicer. The military said, « Nope, no, we’re not buying anything with a name like that. Change it. » So, they renamed it something more neutral. The authorities clearly want to avoid stirring up blind hatred toward Ukrainians. It’s kind of like how Russians used to see Germans. For decades, the Soviet Union and later Russia promoted this idea. We defeated the Nazis, not the German people. The Nazis were one thing. Ordinary Germans were something else. That message ran deep. But the moment Germany sent leopard tanks to Ukraine, they erased all of that. Wiped out 70 years of Soviet efforts to separate modern Germany from the Nazis. Now on the front lines, the mood toward Germans is incredibly negative. The same with the Poles. Americans, they’ll still be taken prisoner. But if you’re Polish or German, forget it. You’re not getting captured. Ukrainians, though, the mindset is different. People still see them as a kind of brotherly nation, misled, sure, filled with bad ideas, brainwashed by propaganda, but still ours, still family in a twisted way. But mercenaries, that’s something else entirely. You came here from another country. No one invited you. No one threatened you. You showed up voluntarily. So, so now you’re part of this. And people really hate that. Especially when it comes to the Germans and their hardware. Knocking out a German tank or vehicle. That’s almost a personal goal now for every Russian soldier. It’s like a new tradition, a kind of family legacy. What happened to the Lancet drones? I remember there were a lot of videos showing lancets hitting western supplied hardware, but lately I barely see any new footage. It seems like most of the hits are now coming from FPV drones or fiber optic drones. So, is the Lancet drone still relevant? Yeah, they’re still relevant, but with the rise of interceptor drones on the Ukrainian side, their effectiveness has taken a bit of a hit. Not a huge drop, but it’s noticeable. What exactly is a drone interceptor? An interceptor drone is exactly what it sounds like, a drone designed to take out other drones, usually ones flying at higher altitudes. Most of them are multi-rotor types, copterbased, but some are fixed wing, built for high speed. The main idea is it has to be faster than the target it’s chasing. Ukrainians have been pairing their interceptor drones with Israeli made radar systems. That combo has allowed them to start targeting and knocking out Russian drones like the Oran Zala and even the Lancet. Naturally, Russia is coming up with counter measures. For example, Zala, the company that makes the Lancets, has started adding rear-facing cameras to their recon drones. These cameras use machine vision, and the moment they detect an interceptor closing in, the drone executes an evasive maneuver. Interceptor drones, as I mentioned, are fast, but they don’t have much battery life. If they don’t take down the target on the first pass, they usually run out of juice. Either they self-destruct or they just fall out of the sky. Meanwhile, the recon drone just keeps flying. From a foot soldier’s point of view, what’s the most reliable way to deal with drones right now? A hunting rifle? But I’ve seen a bunch of videos showing those. Or maybe it’s about throwing up some kind of netting, or is it just hiding in the bushes and hoping for the best? One of the most effective tools for fighting drones is special anti- drone rounds for rifles. These are plastic cartridges that burst open when fired and release small pellets. So, with each shot, you’re firing three projectiles instead of one. And why rifles and not shotguns? Well, first off, carrying a shotgun plus ammo is added weight on top of your standard rifle is just not practical. Second, today’s drones often carry up to 3 kg of explosives, which is serious. So, if you shoot it down with a shotgun and it explodes 5 m from you, the shrapnel’s still hitting you. There’s not much difference. You’re still in the danger zone. With a rifle loaded with anti- drone rounds, you stay at a safer distance and you can keep your rate of fire up. The goal is to create a kind of saturation, a cloud of projectiles in the air that gives you a real chance of scoring a hit even if the drone is moving fast or erratically. Yes. Yes. Yes. We’re living. I’ve also seen both Ukrainian and Russian troops stretching nets along key supply routes. How how effective is that really? If they are effective, but you’ve got to remember if if the target is valuable, the enemy might just send two drones instead of one. The first one can rip through the net. Then the second drone flies in through the opening and strikes the target. Russian fiber optic drones can also deal with nets which usually don’t go all the way to the ground. So there’s often a small gap at the bottom. And since fiber optic drones can fly at super low altitudes without losing connection, they can just dip under the net, crawl into the gap and wait. We’ve seen more and more Ukrainian videos lately showing these drones getting into those tunnel-like spaces under the netting. And what about more advanced industrial level ways to deal with drones? Where is all of that heading right now? I’ve read a lot about lasers being the next big thing. Um, supposedly they can shoot drones down pretty efficiently. Lasers, honestly, they’re kind of a joke. The atmosphere is full of moisture, and when a high-owered laser hits it, it actually starts evaporating that water, basically creating a cloud of steam. So, it ends up blinding itself. That’s why you see all these Israeli or American laser demos happening in ideal conditions, dry weather, controlled environments. Yeah, it works in theory. But we’re not seeing widespread use for some reason. That said, at around 150 m, lasers can be very effective. At that range, atmospheric interference hasn’t really built up, and the air is still clear enough for the beam to hit cleanly. Unlike a machine gun, a laser doesn’t need to reload. It can keep firing as long as there’s battery left. Against an unarmored target like a drone, a laser is incredibly effective. It can blind cameras, fry wiring, burn through batteries. A 500 W laser is a great tool. And right now, both Russia and Ukraine are actively working on developing short-range laser systems just like that. When it comes to protecting individual infantry men, only one thing helps. Running fast. You’re not going to invent some magic fix. Backpack mounted jammers. Total nonsense. There’s always going to be some frequency that the jammer doesn’t cover. You strap on this massive backpack with 20 antennas sticking out and then a drone comes flying in. Now you’re supposed to somehow guess what frequency it’s using and turn on the right jammer. What actually happens is you panic, flip everything on at once, and now you’ve just told the entire front line, « Hey, here’s where our jamming frequencies are. » The enemy sends a drone tuned to a different frequency when one your backpack doesn’t block and boom, it hits the guy carrying that expensive jammer. So yeah, it’s useless. It’s like wearing a good luck charm. The only real effect is psychological. The best defense for infantry is still smart movement. Move fast. Stay unpredictable. Stay in wooded areas, under branches, near vegetation, the places where a drone might get tangled, where its contact fuses might snag on a branch and detonate before it reaches you. That’s what actually works. [Music] How do you see drone technology evolving over the next 5 to 10 years? And where do you see your own company going in the near future? There are really two possible paths ahead. The first one is that once the war ends, people like me, the private developers will be forgotten. Drone R&D will get handed back to the big state-owned enterprises. These companies are already sitting on subsidies. Their people get paid no matter what. So, they’ll design something slowly, maybe roll out an FPV drone by 2030, and then it’ll go through endless rounds of testing at training exercises. That’s the state path. Do you know the difference between Russian and American military exercises? In Russian exercises, Russia always wins. In American drills, though, the US sometimes loses. There was a NATO exercise right before the war in Ukraine. The Americans played the role of the Russians and the rest of NATO played well NATO and the Americans completely crushed them, especially the Italians. It was like something out of a joke. They started making coffee in the morning, gave away their position with the smoke and got wiped out. Maybe that’s why the Americans are better at spotting weaknesses in their forces. In Russia, it takes an actual war. Only then do the flaws start to show. And then we have the second path, the one I hope we take, is that Russia actually learns from all this. That we finally realize even just by looking at how Western defense industries operate, that private companies drive progress. Private firms move faster. They’re more motivated, more agile. They can spot gaps in the market and develop new tech quicker than any massive slowmoving government company, even if that company is full of smart people. And I mean that. I’m not being sarcastic. Russia’s defense sector has really sharp people. I’ve seen what they’re capable of, especially when working under tight restrictions and with limited resources. It’s impressive. It really is. But right now, they’re running on adrenaline, wartime pressure. Once the war ends, they’ll relax. They’ll get medals, take a long vacation, and most likely everything will slow down unless the government steps in and decides to change the model. The innovation will stall. Me personally, I’ll be fine. Even in the civilian sector, there’s a huge amount of electronics work to be done in Russia right now. Tons of Western manufacturers have pulled out and good riddance. We’re already replacing them in most areas and we’ll keep pushing forward. Import substitution is still official policy. It hasn’t gone anywhere. So, yeah, I’ll survive. I’ll do well no matter what, but I’d really prefer to keep doing what I’m doing now. It actually matters. Thanks so much for the interview. This was incredibly interesting and honestly, your depth of knowledge about drones is truly impressive. .

Déroulement de la vidéo:

2.04 Would you say that Russia and Ukraine
2.04 are now the two most advanced countries
2.04 when it comes to drone development?
2.04 Absolutely. The Americans sent
2.04 switchblades turned out to be total
2.04 junk. If we&;re talking about what
2.04 actually worked from the West in this
2.04 war, it&;s Starlink.
2.04 If you take Starlink away from Ukraine,
2.04 their naval drones are done. The Chinese
2.04 unveiled their own version of a heavy
2.04 drone.
2.04 The problem with Chinese weapons is they
2.04 build everything like it&;s a toy. Early
2.04 in the war, most injuries and deaths
2.04 came from artillery. Now it seems like
2.04 70% of casualties are from drones. When
2.04 it comes to protecting foot soldiers,
2.04 the only real defense is to run fast.
2.04 Backpack jammers are useless. Is there
2.04 any counter measure against fiber optic
2.04 drones? Nope. Ukrainian vehicles roll up
2.04 and the drone launches just 15 m away.
2.04 Those Ukrainian drivers don&;t stand a
2.04 chance. That was pure hell for the
2.04 Ukrainians. There&;s that viral video of
2.04 a Russian drone operator sitting in
2.04 Moscow flying a drone somewhere over
2.04 Donbass.
2.04 Operators aren&;t exactly athletes. Most
2.04 are gamers. And now they&;re expected to
2.04 lug around body armor and a helmet. One
2.04 of the most infamous Ukrainian drones,
2.04 at least in Russia, is Baba Yaga. About
2.04 a year ago, the Ukrainians figured out
2.04 how to drop anti-tank mines from Baba
2.04 Yaga.
2.04 That explosion is very convincing. What
2.04 about the Gan drones? Ukrainians keep
2.04 calling them shaheds. They&;re wrong.
2.04 These drones are far beyond shaheds at
2.04 this point. What exactly is a drone
2.04 interceptor? It&;s a drone built
2.04 specifically to take down other drones,
2.04 mainly high altitude ones. Where do you
2.04 see drone technology going in the next
2.04 10 years?
2.04 Private developers, simply because
2.04 they&;re more flexible and more
2.04 motivated, can innovate much faster, way
2.04 faster than these slow, clunky
2.04 state-owned enterprises where half the
2.04 staff is just there to collect a
2.04 paycheck. My today&;s guest is Sigay, a
2.04 Russian engineer and entrepreneur
2.04 developing military drones for the
2.04 Russian
2.04 army. At the start of the war, Russia
2.04 was embarrassingly behind in drone
2.04 warfare. But as the battlefield evolved,
2.04 private startups like Serge stepped in
2.04 to help Moscow catch up. Now Russia is
2.04 closing the gap with Ukraine, not just
2.04 in the number of drones, but in their
2.04 quality and tactical
2.04 innovation. What makes this conversation
2.04 stand out is Serge&;s perspective. He&;s
2.04 not part of the military, which gives
2.04 him a rare level of freedom to speak
2.04 openly. His insights into modern and
2.04 future drone warfare are sharp and at
2.04 times surprisingly
2.04 candid. This interview was recorded in
2.04 Russian. I&;ve translated and dubbed it
2.04 into English using AI tools made
2.04 possible by the generous support of my
2.04 patrons.
2.04 It&;s only when the war begins that our
2.04 weaknesses get exposed. If you prefer to
2.04 listen in the original Russian, there is
2.04 a link in the description below. Now,
2.04 let&;s dive in. Sergey. Sergey. Hi. Could
2.04 you tell us where we are and what do you
2.04 do
2.04 here? This is one of our design bureaus.
2.04 I won&;t say exactly where it&;s located
2.04 for obvious reasons. This is where we
2.04 put together small batches of
2.04 experimental models, drones, and other
2.04 tech that are still in development.
2.04 These prototypes are used in a wide
2.04 range of scientific and technical
2.04 fields, so to speak.
2.04 from what you&;re allowed to show. What
2.04 are you currently working on? I I
2.04 noticed you&;ve got something over there
2.04 all wrapped up. Can Can I take a closer
2.04 look? That&;s one of our heavy class
2.04 experimental drones currently prepped
2.04 for a test run. Unfortunately, I can&;t
2.04 reveal much about it just yet. We&;re
2.04 still under certain restrictions.
2.04 I just noticed the propellers. I I&;ve
2.04 never seen anything like that. They&;re
2.04 made of wood.
2.04 the book. Yes, they are. Beachwood to be
2.04 precise. It might seem unusual today,
2.04 but wooden propellers are actually part
2.04 of aviation history. That&;s how it all
2.04 started. And in the context of real
2.04 large scale warfare, military equipment
2.04 becomes very utilitarian, very fast. A
2.04 wooden propeller is around 10 times
2.04 cheaper to produce than a carbon fiber
2.04 one. And in terms of performance, you&;re
2.04 only losing about 4 to 5% in efficiency.
2.04 Plus, in Russia, wood is abundant and
2.04 relatively inexpensive. These specific
2.04 propellers cost us roughly $30 a
2.04 [Applause]
2.04 piece. In Russia, there
2.04 is a huge state-owned enterprise that&;s
2.04 been mass- prodducing tanks and armored
2.04 vehicles for decades. Why don&;t Russia
2.04 have something like that for drones?
2.04 Instead, it seems like drones are being
2.04 developed by small design bureaus like
2.04 yours. And there are tons of them,
2.04 mostly private initiatives pushing
2.04 prototypes all the way to the front
2.04 lines. Why did things evolve this way?
2.04 Well, seems like the Russian army didn&;t
2.04 get the memo because the vast majority
2.04 of our armed forces first heard the word
2.04 UAV in 2022. That&;s when the concept
2.04 finally clicked for them. But the thing
2.04 is, we&;ve had a slow burn conflict in
2.04 the Donbass since 2014. And throughout
2.04 that time, drones were being used for
2.04 reconnaissance, for dropping explosives.
2.04 There were even early versions of
2.04 kamicazi drones, but back then, funding
2.04 was weak, and the idea of sending a
2.04 drone on a one-way mission just seemed
2.04 too expensive. I&;ll admit, I thought the
2.04 same way at the time, but I was wrong.
2.04 Here&;s the thing. When you shift the
2.04 perspective and calculate based on the
2.04 cost of the target being destroyed,
2.04 drones turn out to be incredibly cheap
2.04 with just two or three drones costing
2.04 around $1,000 to $3,000 total. You can
2.04 take out an entire tank or an infantry
2.04 fighting vehicle. A Humvey can often be
2.04 destroyed with a single hit. And by the
2.04 way, a special thanks to our Western
2.04 partners because where else could we
2.04 have trained on so much of your
2.04 equipment? You delivered it straight to
2.04 the front and we got to study it up
2.04 close. We figured out all the weak
2.04 points. We learned exactly where to
2.04 strike. For example, we learned where to
2.04 hit the Abrams tank so that its rear
2.04 turret compartment, the part that stores
2.04 the ammo goes up in flames every time.
2.04 We also figured out how to disable it
2.04 completely. Its most vulnerable spot,
2.04 the turbine. No question.
2.04 So, you&;re saying Russia&;s military was
2.04 late to the game? They only realized
2.04 recently that drones are essential, that
2.04 they need different types of them and a
2.04 lot of them. And because the Russians
2.04 didn&;t have an established drone
2.04 industry, they had no choice but to turn
2.04 to the private sector to small teams
2.04 like yours.
2.04 Sadly, yeah, that&;s exactly how it
2.04 played out. The Russian military
2.04 completely underestimated the importance
2.04 of drones. But to be fair, I think it&;s
2.04 worth noting that no one was really
2.04 prepared for this kind of war. Even the
2.04 West, you know what, with all its tech
2.04 and funding, AAK wasn&;t ready. Honestly,
2.04 there isn&;t a single Western drone
2.04 that&;s proven itself effective in this
2.04 conflict. Take the American Switchblade
2.04 drones, for example. They sent they sent
2.04 them to Ukraine and they turned out to
2.04 be total garbage. The Switchblade 300,
2.04 it&;s a joke. That thing might be okay
2.04 for chasing camels in the desert. If it
2.04 hits an infantry soldier in proper
2.04 armor, maybe it&;ll wound him, but it
2.04 won&;t take him out. The Switchblade 600
2.04 is a bit more capable, but it&;s insanely
2.04 expensive. In practice, though, it&;s
2.04 just not worth the cost. You&;re burning
2.04 through high value gear for minimal
2.04 gain. As far as I know, it&;s only been
2.04 used about 10 times in Ukraine total.
2.04 That tells you everything you need to
2.04 know. I also remember hearing about the
2.04 Phoenix Ghost. Yeah, there were quite a
2.04 few names being thrown around. Another
2.04 one was the Scan Eagle, a drone
2.04 developed by Boeing. I&;ve actually got a
2.04 piece of one lying around in my lab. I
2.04 don&;t even know how to describe it. It&;s
2.04 like it was built in a high school
2.04 workshop. It&;s so slap dash on
2.04 everything&;s held together with zip ties
2.04 and cheap Chinese glue. And this is a
2.04 product from Boeing and it costs the
2.04 same as half a tank. On the Ukrainian
2.04 side, most of the drones you see flying
2.04 are locally made. They&;ve got models
2.04 like the Lea, the Fury, the Valkyrie.
2.04 Even the Ukrainians gave up on Western
2.04 drones. Sure, they were supplied with
2.04 some early on, but the Russians jammed
2.04 them almost immediately. After that,
2.04 Ukraine started making their own. And
2.04 honestly, Ukrainian drones are
2.04 outperforming the entire Western lineup.
2.04 While you think the West would have some
2.04 smart people working on this stuff, of
2.04 course, but the problem is uh is
2.04 structural. The Americans, for example,
2.04 for decades, uh they&;ve been chasing
2.04 camels, as we say. They haven&;t faced a
2.04 real military with serious weapons and
2.04 tactics since uh since World War II.
2.04 Now, they&;re up against an actual
2.04 adversary in
2.04 Russia, and their systems just aren&;t
2.04 holding up. Now, we know the US isn&;t
2.04 fighting us directly. They&;re keeping
2.04 their distance, offering support here
2.04 and there, doing things half-heartedly,
2.04 maybe just testing the waters. Their
2.04 defense industry and scientific
2.04 community aren&;t even fully engaged.
2.04 Probably only 5% of their capacity is
2.04 aimed at us. But even that small slice,
2.04 it&;s completely flopped. That 5% has
2.04 utterly failed to show any real results.
2.04 I get to see a lot of captured drones
2.04 and I&;m always curious to see how
2.04 Ukrainian engineers are thinking. So
2.04 far, the most consistent thing I&;ve seen
2.04 is their obsession with national colors.
2.04 Yellow and blue wires everywhere. They
2.04 even use colored electrical tape and
2.04 flag colors. Everything&;s wrapped in it.
2.04 These here, this is debris from a
2.04 Ukrainian drone. Unfortunately, it
2.04 worked. Do they have a name for this
2.04 drone? It&;s just a basic Chinese drone.
2.04 the entire internal stack. It&;s all
2.04 Chinese. We study some of their drones
2.04 in great detail, others less. So, this
2.04 one, for example, had a really poor
2.04 circuit design, but to be fair, they do
2.04 have some very good drones, too. So,
2.04 would it be fair to say that right now
2.04 Russia and Ukraine are the two most
2.04 advanced countries when it comes to
2.04 drone development? Absolutely. And
2.04 honestly, I&;d even put Ukraine slightly
2.04 ahead of us, not simply because they
2.04 move faster. The way their system is set
2.04 up makes it much easier for private
2.04 developers to work directly with the
2.04 military. That allows them to design and
2.04 field new solutions more quickly. They
2.04 can push a prototype to the front line
2.04 in no time. Here in Russia, it&;s the
2.04 opposite. Everything moves forward. Not
2.04 because the system helps, but in spite
2.04 of it, it&;s all uphill. In the West, the
2.04 defense sector has always worked closely
2.04 with private companies, but in the
2.04 Soviet Union, private enterprise didn&;t
2.04 exist, and Russia inherited a lot of
2.04 that legacy. Our defense sector is still
2.04 this closed off, self-contained world.
2.04 For a private company to break into it,
2.04 you need to go through these insane
2.04 contracts. The kind of legal and
2.04 bureaucratic madness no sane person
2.04 would willingly sign up for.
2.04 Yeah. But in the drone world, it&;s
2.04 different. Russia&;s defense ministry is
2.04 now buying a lot of UAVs from private
2.04 firms.
2.04 Yeah, we&;re finally hitting a turning
2.04 point. Bit by bit, private developers
2.04 are being pulled into the defense orbit.
2.04 But when the war started, it was total
2.04 chaos. It was a mess. You&;ve said that
2.04 Russia and Ukraine are at the forefront
2.04 of UAV development, but at the same
2.04 time, both countries import a huge
2.04 number of components from China. And I
2.04 saw on your channel that the Chinese
2.04 recently unveiled a heavy drone, kind of
2.04 their own version of the Baba Yaga. So
2.04 clearly, they&;re making progress too,
2.04 right?
2.04 Yes. Components. Uh that&;s true. Uh
2.04 basically, we&;re all dipping into the
2.04 same bucket of electronic parts.
2.04 But the real secret isn&;t in the
2.04 components. Uh it&;s in how you put them
2.04 together. It&;s like the Paris the car
2.04 rally. Uh Russia&;s Kamaz trucks keep
2.04 winning it. But those trucks are built
2.04 using Mercedes parts. Yet somehow
2.04 Mercedes doesn&;t win. Kamaz does. This
2.04 is the same story. We all have access to
2.04 the same components and then each of us
2.04 depending on our understanding and
2.04 experience build something from them.
2.04 Now here&;s where China runs into
2.04 trouble. They tend to make weapons that
2.04 feel more like toys. The issue is they
2.04 just don&;t have real combat experience.
2.04 So they don&;t fully understand what
2.04 military equipment actually needs to be.
2.04 Real military hardware has to survive
2.04 being tossed out the back of a truck
2.04 into the mud, sitting in the rain for a
2.04 week, getting yanked out, covered in
2.04 grime, and it still has to power on and
2.04 work perfectly. Chinese gear just
2.04 doesn&;t hold up like that.
2.04 Unfortunately, they haven&;t grasped that
2.04 reality yet. It&;s a major weakness. That
2.04 said, technologically, I think China has
2.04 nearly caught up with the West. If
2.04 they&;re not fully equal, they&;re only
2.04 half a step behind. But because they
2.04 lack wartime experience, their military
2.04 designs are still lacking where it
2.04 matters. And China is supplying
2.04 components to both Ukraine and
2.04 Russia. Well, for Ukraine, they have
2.04 access to the entire Western electronics
2.04 market. Honestly, I&;ve barely come
2.04 across any Chinese chips in their
2.04 drones. As for us, we had no choice. We
2.04 had to fully switch over to a Chinese
2.04 component base. And to be honest, we
2.04 haven&;t regretted it. The quality of
2.04 Chinese chips isn&;t that far off from
2.04 American ones. Slightly worse, maybe,
2.04 but nothing critical. And the price,
2.04 it&;s 20 to 100 times cheaper. Plus,
2.04 they&;re always available. Sanctions
2.04 don&;t apply to domestically produced
2.04 Chinese microchips, so we can legally
2.04 buy thousands of microcontrollers
2.04 directly. No need to go through gray
2.04 market imports or complicated third
2.04 country routes.
2.04 Well, that&;s interesting because if you
2.04 read the Western press, they often
2.04 portray China as Russia&;s main military
2.04 ally, like they&;re supplying everything
2.04 needed for the front. Well, there&;s
2.04 China&;s official stance and then there&;s
2.04 their unofficial stance. Officially,
2.04 China says it follows all the sanctions
2.04 and blocks military related exports. And
2.04 in some areas, that&;s true. For example,
2.04 we can&;t make payments to Chinese
2.04 sellers using Russian bank cards
2.04 anymore. A lot of products can&;t be
2.04 directly imported either. There are even
2.04 decrees that ban the export of motors
2.04 over 700 watt, which are exactly the
2.04 kinds used in heavy drones. But then
2.04 there&;s the other side of the coin. We
2.04 share a long land border with China, and
2.04 there are countless private companies
2.04 operating in that space. These companies
2.04 handle transactions, organize shipments,
2.04 and move parts across the border. And
2.04 honestly, when you consider how tightly
2.04 everything in China is monitored and
2.04 regulated, it&;s hard to believe that the
2.04 government doesn&;t know what&;s going on.
2.04 In fact, it feels more like they&;re
2.04 turning a blind eye or maybe even
2.04 quietly approving. Because if the
2.04 Chinese authorities really wanted to
2.04 stop this kind of trade, they absolutely
2.04 could instantly. And no one would be
2.04 able to do anything about
2.04 [Music]
2.04 it. All right, guys. Uh before we
2.04 continue our conversation with Sergey, I
2.04 want to share something with you real
2.04 quick. The Russia Ukraine conflict
2.04 hasn&;t just reshaped modern warfare.
2.04 It&;s also had a major impact on global
2.04 markets. And one asset in particular has
2.04 been quietly gaining strategic value.
2.04 Gold. Take a look at this graph. It
2.04 shows how much gold the world&;s central
2.04 banks have been buying. Since 2022, when
2.04 the war in Ukraine began, central banks
2.04 have gone on a buying spree, pushing
2.04 gold prices to all-time highs. In fact,
2.04 gold has risen over 1,000% since 2001
2.04 when it traded at just
2.04 $255 an ounce. Now, some Wall Street
2.04 banks believe it could hit $4,000 per
2.04 ounce by
2.04 2026. But here&;s the twist. Even though
2.04 gold prices are soaring, gold mining
2.04 companies haven&;t kept up. This graph
2.04 shows an index of junior gold miners and
2.04 it&;s actually down 63% since 2011 while
2.04 gold itself is up 75% over the same
2.04 period. This mismatch points to a
2.04 potential supply crunch. Less gold being
2.04 produced even as demand keeps rising
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2.04 According to recent resource estimate,
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2.04 translates to about5 to $6 per ounce of
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2.04 context, similar companies traded $40 to
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2.04 That&;s an eight times difference. And if
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2.04 In total, they&;ve spent $1.2 million on
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2.04 into the numbers, and start researching
2.04 XGAP Ventures, ticker G A R LF. I think
2.04 it&;s a pretty compelling setup. Now,
2.04 let&;s get back to the interview.
2.04 We&;re recording this interview at a
2.04 moment when peace negotiations are
2.04 underway. It&;s still unclear how that
2.04 will end. But even if hypothetically the
2.04 hot phase of the war in Ukraine wraps up
2.04 this year, would you agree that no one
2.04 is going to stop working on drones? It
2.04 just feels like this is the weapon of
2.04 the future. In any future conflict,
2.04 drones will play a central role. There
2.04 are stats showing that early in the war,
2.04 most injuries and deaths were caused by
2.04 artillery and shrapnel. Now, it&;s drones
2.04 that account for about 70% of casualties
2.04 on both
2.04 sides. If you look at drones as the
2.04 evolution of precisiong guided weapons,
2.04 then yeah, it all makes perfect sense.
2.04 Ever since the end of World War II, the
2.04 trend has been clear. Shift away from
2.04 unguided mass firepower and move toward
2.04 precision. Just blasting away with
2.04 artillery isn&;t efficient anymore. You
2.04 want the projectile to be smart. The
2.04 Americans had the copperhead shell back
2.04 in the day. We developed Cresopole. Both
2.04 are guided artillery rounds, anti-tank
2.04 guided missiles, air-to-surface weapons.
2.04 Over time, they&;ve all become more
2.04 autonomous. Even aerial dog fights today
2.04 are almost fully automated. Pilots don&;t
2.04 even see each other, and they&;re firing
2.04 based on blips on a radar
2.04 screen. So, if you place drones in that
2.04 context, they&;re a natural next step in
2.04 this long technological trajectory. The
2.04 only thing that caught everyone off
2.04 guard was just how effective such a
2.04 simple, relatively lowcost piece of
2.04 equipment could be. But let&;s be honest,
2.04 the drones we&;re seeing now in this
2.04 conflict are basically toys. Most of
2.04 them run on Chinese flight controllers,
2.04 motor drivers, and toy grade motors.
2.04 That&;s what&;s being deployed to the
2.04 battlefield. Once the war ends, the
2.04 first thing that will happen is a major
2.04 overhaul. These drones will be
2.04 redesigned as actual military grade
2.04 products. Like I said earlier, real
2.04 equipment, stuff you can toss out the
2.04 back of a truck into the mud. Gear that
2.04 can lie in the rain for a week and still
2.04 boot up and work without fail. No army
2.04 is going to formally adopt something
2.04 that feels like it came from a toy
2.04 store. Right now, we use these makeshift
2.04 drones because we have to we need to
2.04 flood the front with as many strike
2.04 tools as possible, and we&;re willing to
2.04 overlook how fragile they are. But that
2.04 won&;t last. So yes, drone development
2.04 absolutely won&;t stop, but drones will
2.04 evolve. We&;ll see major progress in
2.04 autonomous target recognition and
2.04 guidance. Because right now, electronic
2.04 warfare is a serious threat. Whether
2.04 it&;s Russian or American systems,
2.04 jamming is a real problem. If a drone
2.04 has to be manually piloted all the way
2.04 to the point of impact, there&;s a high
2.04 chance it&;ll get jammed before it hits.
2.04 And you also need a skilled pilot,
2.04 someone with real training. But if the
2.04 drone is automated, then you can hand
2.04 the controller to well, let&;s say a
2.04 monkey, someone with zero flight skills,
2.04 and they&;ll just press a button. That&;s
2.04 much easier. The Americans are heavily
2.04 leaning into this approach. Now, just
2.04 look at their defense expose. All the
2.04 focus is on so-called AI modules.
2.04 There&;s no real AI in them, of course.
2.04 It&;s mostly marketing, but they do have
2.04 basic visual recognition systems
2.04 [Music]
2.04 already. So, why don&;t we have real
2.04 full-blown AI and drones yet? I mean, if
2.04 a drone could decide where to strike and
2.04 identify its own targets, wouldn&;t that
2.04 make electronic warfare totally useless?
2.04 [Music]
2.04 That&;s a good question. If we set aside
2.04 the ethical side of things, the moral
2.04 boundaries, the international agreements
2.04 about not using AI to autonomously kill
2.04 people and just look at the tech, uh we
2.04 still run into limitations.
2.04 Think about it. You&;re chatting with
2.04 Chad GPT and that system runs on a
2.04 massive server complex sitting in a huge
2.04 data center with enormous computing
2.04 power. Now imagine trying to fit that
2.04 level of processing power into a tiny
2.04 drone and then send that drone on a
2.04 one-way mission. A drone is basically a
2.04 disposable weapon. And cramming that
2.04 much intelligence into a throwaway piece
2.04 of gear is extremely difficult. That
2.04 said, the latest chips coming out, like
2.04 the new ones from Nvidia, they&;re
2.04 changing the game. We&;re getting close
2.04 to the point where it&;ll be cheap and
2.04 viable to build drones that can truly
2.04 think for themselves. From what I
2.04 understand, drones aren&;t just being
2.04 used as flying bombs anymore. Both sides
2.04 are now using them for remote mine
2.04 laying. And there is something new to
2.04 what people are calling sleeper drones
2.04 or ambush drones.
2.04 Basically, the drone flies to a location
2.04 like a roadside and just wait and when
2.04 an enemy vehicle like a tank or APC
2.04 drives by, the drone wakes up and
2.04 strikes. Can you talk a bit more about
2.04 that?
2.04 Absolutely. Remote mine laying is an
2.04 incredibly effective tactic and it&;s
2.04 actually been in use for about uh a year
2.04 and a half now. It&;s just become more
2.04 widespread lately because we&;ve got a
2.04 lot more drones in circulation. Early in
2.04 the war, fielding 1,000 drones was a big
2.04 deal. Now, a single assembly line can
2.04 crank out 40,000 drones per week. What
2.04 makes remote mine laying so powerful is
2.04 that it lets you remine roads the enemy
2.04 thinks are safe. A supply truck might
2.04 roll through, unload, and head back
2.04 along the same path. But in that short
2.04 window, a drone could have dropped a new
2.04 mine right in the tire tracks. So the
2.04 truck comes back driving on what it
2.04 thinks is a cleared path and boom.
2.04 That&;s why this tactic is so
2.04 effective. And how do you defend against
2.04 something like
2.04 that? Honestly, you don&;t. There&;s not
2.04 much you can do really. It&;s gotten to
2.04 the point where people are dropping
2.04 calrops. Yeah, calrops. The same spike
2.04 things used against horses back in the
2.04 Roman Empire. Now they&;re welding them
2.04 from rebar. They toss them all over the
2.04 roads and they shred tires. And keep in
2.04 mind that tires for military trucks are
2.04 very expensive. The calrips themselves
2.04 cost next to nothing. But one handful
2.04 can blow out the tires on a military
2.04 truck just like that.
2.04 So, these sleeper drones, is there still
2.04 an operator monitoring the feed,
2.04 watching for enemy movement, and
2.04 manually triggering the strike? It was
2.04 actually the Ukrainians who first
2.04 started using this tactics probably
2.04 about a year and a half ago. And uh the
2.04 way they did it was honestly pretty
2.04 smart. Sometimes they&;d have a drone
2.04 pretend to crash, just go down somewhere
2.04 near our positions and lie there like it
2.04 was damaged or out of battery. And of
2.04 course, that draws attention. I mean, if
2.04 you spot a seemingly intact FPV drone on
2.04 the ground, that&;s a real find. It&;s a
2.04 trophy. Command might even give you a
2.04 commendation for recovering it. Plus,
2.04 it&;s a source of spare parts. In some
2.04 cases, you can even strip it down,
2.04 reprogram it, and launch it right back
2.04 at the enemy. So, it&;s tempting. So, the
2.04 soldiers wait an hour, maybe two.
2.04 Nothing happens. Then someone says, "All
2.04 right, let&;s go grab it." They approach,
2.04 and boom, remote detonation. Same with
2.04 drones placed on rooftops or hilltops
2.04 overlooking roads. The enemy knows
2.04 roughly when convoys are due to pass. So
2.04 they land the drone wait sometimes for
2.04 an hour, sometimes two tucked and
2.04 depends on the battery. And when the
2.04 vehicles come, the drone just takes off,
2.04 flies a short distance, and hits its
2.04 target. That whole tactic really took
2.04 off with the rise of fiber optic drones.
2.04 What makes them different from standard
2.04 drones is how little power they consume
2.04 when idle. A regular drone, even when
2.04 it&;s just sitting on the ground, still
2.04 burns through 5 to 10 watts because of
2.04 its video transmitter. But with fiber
2.04 optic drones, the video signal travels
2.04 through the cable, so the energy use is
2.04 minimal. And when these drones first
2.04 started showing up in the Corsk region,
2.04 it was an absolute nightmare for the
2.04 Ukrainians. We&;re talking about drones
2.04 that just sit there hidden, silent,
2.04 almost invisible, and then they spring
2.04 into action at the perfect moment. A
2.04 Ukrainian military vehicle would drive
2.04 up thinking the road is clear and then
2.04 the drone launches from just 10 or 15 m
2.04 away. The drivers wouldn&;t even have
2.04 time to react. The drone would zip
2.04 forward and hit the engine and that&;s
2.04 it. Vehicle
2.04 disabled. Since you mentioned Kursk,
2.04 Ukraine recently suffered a pretty
2.04 serious defeat in that region and drones
2.04 using fiber optic guidance played a big
2.04 role there. It was actually the first
2.04 time we saw them used at that scale. But
2.04 times passed since then and now it looks
2.04 like the Ukrainians have fiber optic
2.04 drones, too. So, are these drones still
2.04 relevant? There is still no real
2.04 countermeasure against them because I
2.04 saw something on Telegram claiming that
2.04 Ukrainians have figured out how to shoot
2.04 a laser down the fiber optic line and
2.04 even track the operator through it. Yet,
2.04 not exactly. Lasers still fall short.
2.04 They&;re nowhere near reliable yet.
2.04 Meanwhile, fiber optic cable has its own
2.04 quirks. For example, it catches the
2.04 sunlight and reflects like a spiderweb.
2.04 So, in theory, if you&;re flying a Mavic
2.04 drone and looking down during sunrise or
2.04 sunset, you might actually see those
2.04 reflections and get a rough idea of
2.04 where the cable is running. But Russian
2.04 operators have already adapted to that.
2.04 All you need is a regular cordless
2.04 drill, hit the trigger, and it winds up
2.04 the cable. Yeah, it eventually snaps,
2.04 sure, but by that point, you&;ve usually
2.04 pulled in 50 to 100 m of cable, which is
2.04 enough to hide your actual
2.04 position. Fiber optic drones do have two
2.04 main downsides. First, the cable stays
2.04 on the ground, which means the enemy
2.04 could follow it back to your position.
2.04 It also clutters up the area and
2.04 physically gets in the way. Imagine
2.04 you&;re charging in on a motorcycle and
2.04 run straight into a bundle of fiber
2.04 optic wire. Not fun. And a lot of our
2.04 assault teams are using bikes now
2.04 because at this stage, speed is more
2.04 important than armor. The second issue
2.04 is payload. The drone has to carry the
2.04 spool of fiber. And if you&;re using a 10
2.04 km reel, that&;s a lot of weight. After
2.04 all that, you&;ve only got maybe 500 g
2.04 left for explosives. That&;s not much.
2.04 So, no. Fiber optic drones aren&;t some
2.04 kind of wonder weapon, but in certain
2.04 conditions, they&;re incredibly useful,
2.04 especially in areas where the enemy&;s
2.04 jamming systems are
2.04 strong. Take the Ukrainian push into the
2.04 Ksk region for example. You know how
2.04 they gained the upper hand? They moved
2.04 in with a massive amount of electronic
2.04 warfare gear, jamming everything across
2.04 the spectrum. There&;s a lot of video
2.04 showing how Russian fiber optic drones
2.04 would first take out the escort vehicle,
2.04 usually a pickup carrying a jamming
2.04 system. So, first the fiber drone hits
2.04 that truck, knocks out their jamming
2.04 capability, and then the regular FPV
2.04 drones move in and finish off the rest
2.04 of the column. Russian operators adapted
2.04 to this tactic really fast. Like I said
2.04 before, the innovation cycle on the
2.04 battlefield is insanely short right now.
2.04 We&;re talking 2 months, sometimes less.
2.04 Whatever breakthrough you come up with
2.04 today might only work once. So, I&;ll say
2.04 it again. Fiber optic drones are not
2.04 some wonder weapon. They&;re not going to
2.04 win the war on their own. They&;re just
2.04 one tool in the toolbox. They&;ve got
2.04 strengths and they&;ve got limitations.
2.04 The key is using them smartly, mainly as
2.04 a way to neutralize enemy jamming. Once
2.04 that&;s done, once you&;ve cleared the
2.04 airwaves, that&;s when your regular FPV
2.04 drones come in and finish the job.
2.04 There was that viral video, a Russian
2.04 drone operator sitting in Moscow
2.04 controlling a UAV somewhere over
2.04 Donbass.
2.04 Yeah, the orbit system. So, it looks
2.04 like Russia now has true long range
2.04 remote piloting capabilities. Can you
2.04 explain how that works? Is it actually
2.04 revolutionary?
2.04 This tech isn&;t exactly revolutionary.
2.04 The Ukrainians have been using uh radio
2.04 relays and internet bridges for a long
2.04 time already. Mostly because they&;ve had
2.04 access to Starlink. And Starlink,
2.04 honestly, is the holy grail. If you ask
2.04 me what Western technology has worked
2.04 flawlessly in this war, it&;s Starlink.
2.04 That system has completely transformed
2.04 how modern warfare looks on the ground.
2.04 Take away Starlink and Ukraine&;s entire
2.04 fleet of naval drones disappears
2.04 overnight. I&;m not exaggerating. A
2.04 Ukrainian naval drone is basically just
2.04 a Starlink terminal with a motor and
2.04 some explosives strapped to a small
2.04 boat. That&;s it. Remove the Starlink and
2.04 the whole thing stops functioning. Why
2.04 doesn&;t Russia have naval drones? Well,
2.04 we do have the boats and but we don&;t
2.04 have Starlink. That&;s our problem. It
2.04 all comes down to
2.04 communications. Now, going back to your
2.04 question, what we&;re doing is
2.04 essentially an internet bridge. We
2.04 create a high-speed internet connection
2.04 at a certain forward position and then
2.04 from there a radio link is established
2.04 between that point and the drone. The
2.04 key advantage, you don&;t need to send
2.04 your drone operator to the front line.
2.04 And that&;s a big deal because drone
2.04 operators like pilots are valuable. A
2.04 skilled operator doesn&;t appear
2.04 overnight. It takes months, even years
2.04 to train one
2.04 properly. Most drone operators aren&;t
2.04 exactly built for combat. They&;re
2.04 usually gamers. And now you&;re asking
2.04 them to carry body armor, a helmet,
2.04 gear, and hike all of that up to the
2.04 front lines. So we had this idea. What
2.04 if we take two strong guys, guys who
2.04 don&;t know how to fly a drone at all,
2.04 but give them the gear. All they have to
2.04 do is run out to the launch point, set
2.04 up the equipment, and we made it super
2.04 simple. Every cable and port is labeled.
2.04 They plop the drone down on two bricks,
2.04 press a button, and radio in, ready for
2.04 launch. and then a trained operator out
2.04 sitting in Moscow or Kiev, wherever, can
2.04 take over and fly the mission remotely.
2.04 That way, one operator can work non-stop
2.04 covering a huge section of the front
2.04 line without ever putting themselves in
2.04 danger. The Ukrainians were the first to
2.04 pull this off using Starlink. We&;ve
2.04 since caught up using our own systems
2.04 and tech. That said, it&;s not perfect.
2.04 There&;s a noticeable delay in both
2.04 control response and video feed, even
2.04 with Starlink, which is considered high
2.04 speed. I don&;t know what the latency is
2.04 like on Russia&;s orbit system right now,
2.04 but even with Starlink, this tactic
2.04 never really went
2.04 mainstream. Let&;s talk about some of the
2.04 most iconic drones of this war. You
2.04 know, the names that both Russians and
2.04 Ukrainians are familiar with. We&;ve
2.04 already touched on fiber optic drones,
2.04 but one of the most infamous Ukrainian
2.04 drones, at least here in Russia, is Baba
2.04 Yuga. It&;s a heavy agricultural drone
2.04 repurposed to drop bombs and lay mines
2.04 remotely. Why has this platform stayed
2.04 so relevant for so long? Is it because
2.04 no one&;s figured out how to counter it?
2.04 Or are there counter measures now? And
2.04 why doesn&;t Russia have a heavy drone
2.04 like this of its own?
2.04 For quite a while, the Russian military
2.04 dismissed drones like Ukraine&;s vampire
2.04 as something used by ragtag militias,
2.04 not a real battlefield tool. The mindset
2.04 was, "Come on, we&;ve got proper
2.04 aircraft. We&;ve got guided bombs. Why
2.04 bother with these little DIY drones when
2.04 we can just send in a SU34, drop a 500
2.04 kg bomb, and wipe everything out in one
2.04 strike." That kind of thinking was
2.04 pretty common. But as usual, reality hit
2.04 hard. And it turned out we were wrong.
2.04 The vampire drones turned out to be
2.04 incredibly effective, especially after
2.04 the Ukrainians about a year ago figured
2.04 out how to modify them to drop anti-tank
2.04 mines from them. And we&;re not talking
2.04 about some small improvised charge.
2.04 These are real anti-tank mines packed
2.04 with 6 to 8 kg of TNT. That&;s a serious
2.04 blast. Even if you&;re safely tucked into
2.04 a trench or a dugout, you still feel the
2.04 shock wave in your bones. If the mine
2.04 hits an exposed position or if anyone&;s
2.04 caught out in the
2.04 open, it&;s almost always fatal. And even
2.04 those underground aren&;t necessarily
2.04 safe. Now, imagine dropping not one but
2.04 three or four of these in quick
2.04 succession. You can methodically wipe
2.04 out an entire fortified area, bunker by
2.04 bunker. At first, soldiers were hesitant
2.04 to shoot these drones down, but
2.04 eventually people realized most of them
2.04 aren&;t even manually piloted. They just
2.04 fly to pre-programmed coordinates, drop
2.04 their payload, and leave. That&;s why
2.04 some started calling them shuttles or
2.04 buses. There are some versions connected
2.04 via Starlink. Those are smarter. If they
2.04 detect incoming fire, they can identify
2.04 where it came from, fly over, and drop a
2.04 mine on that position. But that&;s
2.04 rare. The good news is these vampire
2.04 drones that despite the damage they can
2.04 do are actually fairly easy to bring
2.04 down, at least with the right setup. All
2.04 you need is a machine gun with a thermal
2.04 scope. Drones run hot. Their batteries,
2.04 motors, all of it glows in infrared.
2.04 It&;s like watching a flare move across a
2.04 dark screen. So from cover, a soldier
2.04 can track them through the thermal scope
2.04 and adjust aim by watching the tracer
2.04 rounds. One good hit to the battery and
2.04 the drone drops. That&;s why you see them
2.04 getting shot down fairly often now and
2.04 we&;ve adapted. And on our side, Russia&;s
2.04 already ramping up a serious response.
2.04 We&;ve got two full-scale factories
2.04 currently under construction, each
2.04 focused entirely on producing heavyass
2.04 drones similar to the Vampire using
2.04 Chinese sourced components. And aside
2.04 from that, there&;s a whole cottage
2.04 industry, garage-based drone builders,
2.04 all making heavy drones in their own
2.04 way, however they
2.04 can. But there&;s a catch with the
2.04 vampire drones, and they&;re expensive.
2.04 One of these drones costs around $12,500
2.04 for a basic model. Depending on the
2.04 configuration, you&;re looking at
2.04 anywhere from $10,000 to $30,000 a unit.
2.04 So, obviously, an average soldier can&;t
2.04 afford that. Not even if the whole
2.04 platoon pulled their paychecks. And
2.04 imagine if it gets shot down on its very
2.04 first flight. That kind of equipment
2.04 needs to be supplied centrally for free
2.04 by the military itself. FPV drones,
2.04 that&;s a different story. Some of those
2.04 cost around $500. That&;s manageable. So,
2.04 why do soldiers end up buying drones out
2.04 of their own pocket? Well, picture this.
2.04 You&;re sitting out at a frontline
2.04 outpost and you haven&;t been issued any
2.04 drones. Or maybe you were, but you&;re
2.04 told exactly how and when to use them.
2.04 Meanwhile, you know your position could
2.04 be attacked at any time. The enemy might
2.04 try to push forward and you&;re left
2.04 wondering, "What do I fight back with?"
2.04 So, guys, scrape together money and buy
2.04 a dozen cheap FPV drones and just in
2.04 case. Those drones stay with the unit
2.04 and become a last resort defense tool.
2.04 If the enemy breaks through or launches
2.04 an assault, you&;ve at least got
2.04 something to strike back with. That&;s
2.04 why you sometimes see service members
2.04 buying drones with their own cash. Sure,
2.04 it&;s a drop in the bucket compared to
2.04 centralized procurement. But it&;s
2.04 happening now. When it comes to heavy
2.04 drones like the Vampire, buying them
2.04 privately is basically out of the
2.04 question. What about the drones? cuz
2.04 they&;ve been around for quite a while
2.04 now. And at first they looked a lot like
2.04 Shaheds, you know, limited range, slow
2.04 speed. Ukrainian troops were even
2.04 shooting them down with machine guns.
2.04 But despite that, they&;re still being
2.04 launched regularly. There are a lot of
2.04 them. And you posted something on your
2.04 channel about how the sound has changed.
2.04 Probably the engines have been swapped
2.04 out.
2.04 [Music]
2.04 So, does that mean Russia is upgrading
2.04 them to keep them relevant? The Garen
2.04 drones have come a long way. The
2.04 original Iranian Shahed model didn&;t
2.04 even have stealth coating, but Russian
2.04 Jirens now do. And that&;s just one
2.04 example of how far the platform has
2.04 evolved. At this point, Jiren has moved
2.04 well beyond its Iranian origins. So,
2.04 when Ukrainians keep calling them
2.04 shaheds, they&;re wrong. These aren&;t
2.04 shaheds anymore. It&;s been a long time
2.04 since that label made sense. And
2.04 honestly, that&;s always been Russia&;s
2.04 approach. We start with someone else&;s
2.04 base model, but we improve it fast and
2.04 then keep developing it independently.
2.04 For example, we now have a jet powered
2.04 version of the Jiren drone. Though the
2.04 drone seen in those videos probably
2.04 isn&;t that one. There&;s also a Garin
2.04 variant running on a Wankl engine.
2.04 That&;s what creates that distinct
2.04 highfrequency wine people have been
2.04 hearing. But there&;s also a theory that
2.04 what&;s being used is a new type of Garin
2.04 fitted with a built-in siren. Kind of
2.04 like the old German junkers planes that
2.04 had sound devices specifically designed
2.04 to intimidate
2.04 like to mess with them psychologically.
2.04 Yes. And honestly, that&;s the goal of
2.04 any weapon or to intimidate and
2.04 overwhelm. The Americans said it best.
2.04 War is about violence. Restraint in war
2.04 is stupidity. And there&;s some truth to
2.04 it. That said, it&;s important to point
2.04 something out.
2.04 The conflict with Ukraine is actually
2.04 the first war in the past 100 years
2.04 where military casualties have
2.04 significantly outnumbered civilian ones.
2.04 So when people say this is a war of
2.04 extermination, that&;s just not true.
2.04 Look at Vietnam. Civilian casualties
2.04 were far higher than military ones. But
2.04 here it&;s the opposite. There&;s no
2.04 targeted campaign to wipe out
2.04 Ukrainians. The data just doesn&;t
2.04 support that narrative. You could say to
2.04 use a boxing metaphor that this war, at
2.04 least from the Russian side, is being
2.04 fought with gloves on. Ukrainians are
2.04 definitely going all in, fighting with
2.04 everything they&;ve got, but we&;re still
2.04 holding back in a lot of
2.04 ways. In Russia, whether that&;s good or
2.04 bad, a big shift has already happened. A
2.04 huge number of people have mentally
2.04 flipped the switch. They understand now
2.04 that we&;re in a war. They live with that
2.04 reality. Even if the war feels low
2.04 intensity, even if it&;s happening far
2.04 from home, no one here thinks it&;s
2.04 somewhere else anymore. That illusion is
2.04 gone. And that, weirdly enough, gives
2.04 both Russians and Ukrainians an edge
2.04 compared to people in the West or
2.04 Europe, where life still feels peaceful
2.04 and normal. Europeans don&;t feel this
2.04 war, but in Russia, a lot of people are
2.04 already prepared for it mentally,
2.04 physically, emotionally. Whether that&;s
2.04 good or not, that&;s a tough question.
2.04 You can see how the Russian government
2.04 is trying to hold the line. It doesn&;t
2.04 encourage open calls for destroying the
2.04 enemy. In fact, it&;s gone so far that
2.04 it&;s almost comical. There was this
2.04 drone one group built. They called it
2.04 the pig slicer. The military said,
2.04 "Nope, no, we&;re not buying anything
2.04 with a name like that. Change it." So,
2.04 they renamed it something more neutral.
2.04 The authorities clearly want to avoid
2.04 stirring up blind hatred toward
2.04 Ukrainians.
2.04 It&;s kind of like how Russians used to
2.04 see Germans. For decades, the Soviet
2.04 Union and later Russia promoted this
2.04 idea. We defeated the Nazis, not the
2.04 German people. The Nazis were one thing.
2.04 Ordinary Germans were something else.
2.04 That message ran deep. But the moment
2.04 Germany sent leopard tanks to Ukraine,
2.04 they erased all of that. Wiped out 70
2.04 years of Soviet efforts to separate
2.04 modern Germany from the Nazis. Now on
2.04 the front lines, the mood toward Germans
2.04 is incredibly negative. The same with
2.04 the Poles. Americans, they&;ll still be
2.04 taken prisoner. But if you&;re Polish or
2.04 German, forget it. You&;re not getting
2.04 captured. Ukrainians, though, the
2.04 mindset is different. People still see
2.04 them as a kind of brotherly nation,
2.04 misled, sure, filled with bad ideas,
2.04 brainwashed by propaganda, but still
2.04 ours, still family in a twisted way. But
2.04 mercenaries, that&;s something else
2.04 entirely. You came here from another
2.04 country. No one invited you. No one
2.04 threatened you. You showed up
2.04 voluntarily. So, so now you&;re part of
2.04 this. And people really hate that.
2.04 Especially when it comes to the Germans
2.04 and their hardware. Knocking out a
2.04 German tank or vehicle. That&;s almost a
2.04 personal goal now for every Russian
2.04 soldier. It&;s like a new tradition, a
2.04 kind of family legacy.
2.04 What happened to the Lancet drones? I
2.04 remember there were a lot of videos
2.04 showing lancets hitting western supplied
2.04 hardware, but lately I barely see any
2.04 new footage. It seems like most of the
2.04 hits are now coming from FPV drones or
2.04 fiber optic drones. So, is the Lancet
2.04 drone still relevant?
2.04 Yeah, they&;re still relevant, but with
2.04 the rise of interceptor drones on the
2.04 Ukrainian side, their effectiveness has
2.04 taken a bit of a hit. Not a huge drop,
2.04 but it&;s noticeable. What exactly is a
2.04 drone interceptor? An interceptor drone
2.04 is exactly what it sounds like, a drone
2.04 designed to take out other drones,
2.04 usually ones flying at higher altitudes.
2.04 Most of them are multi-rotor types,
2.04 copterbased, but some are fixed wing,
2.04 built for high speed. The main idea is
2.04 it has to be faster than the target it&;s
2.04 chasing. Ukrainians have been pairing
2.04 their interceptor drones with Israeli
2.04 made radar systems. That combo has
2.04 allowed them to start targeting and
2.04 knocking out Russian drones like the
2.04 Oran Zala and even the Lancet.
2.04 Naturally, Russia is coming up with
2.04 counter measures. For example, Zala, the
2.04 company that makes the Lancets, has
2.04 started adding rear-facing cameras to
2.04 their recon drones. These cameras use
2.04 machine vision, and the moment they
2.04 detect an interceptor closing in, the
2.04 drone executes an evasive maneuver.
2.04 Interceptor drones, as I mentioned, are
2.04 fast, but they don&;t have much battery
2.04 life. If they don&;t take down the target
2.04 on the first pass, they usually run out
2.04 of juice. Either they self-destruct or
2.04 they just fall out of the sky.
2.04 Meanwhile, the recon drone just keeps
2.04 flying.
2.04 From a foot soldier&;s point of view,
2.04 what&;s the most reliable way to deal
2.04 with drones right now? A hunting rifle?
2.04 But I&;ve seen a bunch of videos showing
2.04 those. Or maybe it&;s about throwing up
2.04 some kind of netting, or is it just
2.04 hiding in the bushes and hoping for the
2.04 best? One of the most effective tools
2.04 for fighting drones is special anti-
2.04 drone rounds for rifles. These are
2.04 plastic cartridges that burst open when
2.04 fired and release small pellets. So,
2.04 with each shot, you&;re firing three
2.04 projectiles instead of one. And why
2.04 rifles and not shotguns? Well, first
2.04 off, carrying a shotgun plus ammo is
2.04 added weight on top of your standard
2.04 rifle is just not practical. Second,
2.04 today&;s drones often carry up to 3 kg of
2.04 explosives, which is serious. So, if you
2.04 shoot it down with a shotgun and it
2.04 explodes 5 m from you, the shrapnel&;s
2.04 still hitting you. There&;s not much
2.04 difference. You&;re still in the danger
2.04 zone. With a rifle loaded with anti-
2.04 drone rounds, you stay at a safer
2.04 distance and you can keep your rate of
2.04 fire up. The goal is to create a kind of
2.04 saturation, a cloud of projectiles in
2.04 the air that gives you a real chance of
2.04 scoring a hit even if the drone is
2.04 moving fast or erratically.
2.04 Yes. Yes. Yes.
2.04 We&;re living.
2.04 I&;ve also seen both Ukrainian and
2.04 Russian troops stretching nets along key
2.04 supply routes.
2.04 How how effective is that really? If
2.04 they are effective, but you&;ve got to
2.04 remember if if the target is valuable,
2.04 the enemy might just send two drones
2.04 instead of one. The first one can rip
2.04 through the net. Then the second drone
2.04 flies in through the opening and strikes
2.04 the target. Russian fiber optic drones
2.04 can also deal with nets which usually
2.04 don&;t go all the way to the ground. So
2.04 there&;s often a small gap at the bottom.
2.04 And since fiber optic drones can fly at
2.04 super low altitudes without losing
2.04 connection, they can just dip under the
2.04 net, crawl into the gap and wait. We&;ve
2.04 seen more and more Ukrainian videos
2.04 lately showing these drones getting into
2.04 those tunnel-like spaces under the
2.04 netting. And what about more advanced
2.04 industrial level ways to deal with
2.04 drones? Where is all of that heading
2.04 right now? I&;ve read a lot about lasers
2.04 being the next big thing. Um, supposedly
2.04 they can shoot drones down pretty
2.04 efficiently.
2.04 Lasers, honestly, they&;re kind of a
2.04 joke. The atmosphere is full of
2.04 moisture, and when a high-owered laser
2.04 hits it, it actually starts evaporating
2.04 that water, basically creating a cloud
2.04 of steam. So, it ends up blinding
2.04 itself. That&;s why you see all these
2.04 Israeli or American laser demos
2.04 happening in ideal conditions, dry
2.04 weather, controlled environments. Yeah,
2.04 it works in theory. But we&;re not seeing
2.04 widespread use for some reason. That
2.04 said, at around 150 m, lasers can be
2.04 very effective. At that range,
2.04 atmospheric interference hasn&;t really
2.04 built up, and the air is still clear
2.04 enough for the beam to hit cleanly.
2.04 Unlike a machine gun, a laser doesn&;t
2.04 need to reload. It can keep firing as
2.04 long as there&;s battery left. Against an
2.04 unarmored target like a drone, a laser
2.04 is incredibly effective. It can blind
2.04 cameras, fry wiring, burn through
2.04 batteries. A 500 W laser is a great
2.04 tool. And right now, both Russia and
2.04 Ukraine are actively working on
2.04 developing short-range laser systems
2.04 just like
2.04 that. When it comes to protecting
2.04 individual infantry men, only one thing
2.04 helps. Running fast. You&;re not going to
2.04 invent some magic fix. Backpack mounted
2.04 jammers. Total nonsense. There&;s always
2.04 going to be some frequency that the
2.04 jammer doesn&;t cover. You strap on this
2.04 massive backpack with 20 antennas
2.04 sticking out and then a drone comes
2.04 flying in. Now you&;re supposed to
2.04 somehow guess what frequency it&;s using
2.04 and turn on the right jammer. What
2.04 actually happens is you panic, flip
2.04 everything on at once, and now you&;ve
2.04 just told the entire front line, "Hey,
2.04 here&;s where our jamming frequencies
2.04 are." The enemy sends a drone tuned to a
2.04 different frequency when one your
2.04 backpack doesn&;t block and boom, it hits
2.04 the guy carrying that expensive jammer.
2.04 So yeah, it&;s useless. It&;s like wearing
2.04 a good luck charm. The only real effect
2.04 is psychological. The best defense for
2.04 infantry is still smart movement. Move
2.04 fast. Stay unpredictable. Stay in wooded
2.04 areas, under branches, near vegetation,
2.04 the places where a drone might get
2.04 tangled, where its contact fuses might
2.04 snag on a branch and detonate before it
2.04 reaches you. That&;s what actually works.
2.04 [Music]
2.04 How do you see drone technology evolving
2.04 over the next 5 to 10 years? And where
2.04 do you see your own company going in the
2.04 near
2.04 future? There are really two possible
2.04 paths ahead. The first one is that once
2.04 the war ends, people like me, the
2.04 private developers will be forgotten.
2.04 Drone R&D will get handed back to the
2.04 big state-owned enterprises. These
2.04 companies are already sitting on
2.04 subsidies. Their people get paid no
2.04 matter what. So, they&;ll design
2.04 something slowly, maybe roll out an FPV
2.04 drone by 2030, and then it&;ll go through
2.04 endless rounds of testing at training
2.04 exercises. That&;s the state path. Do you
2.04 know the difference between Russian and
2.04 American military exercises? In Russian
2.04 exercises, Russia always wins. In
2.04 American drills, though, the US
2.04 sometimes loses. There was a NATO
2.04 exercise right before the war in
2.04 Ukraine. The Americans played the role
2.04 of the Russians and the rest of NATO
2.04 played well NATO and the Americans
2.04 completely crushed them, especially the
2.04 Italians. It was like something out of a
2.04 joke. They started making coffee in the
2.04 morning, gave away their position with
2.04 the smoke and got wiped out. Maybe
2.04 that&;s why the Americans are better at
2.04 spotting weaknesses in their forces. In
2.04 Russia, it takes an actual war. Only
2.04 then do the flaws start to show.
2.04 And then we have the second path, the
2.04 one I hope we take, is that Russia
2.04 actually learns from all this. That we
2.04 finally realize even just by looking at
2.04 how Western defense industries operate,
2.04 that private companies drive
2.04 progress. Private firms move faster.
2.04 They&;re more motivated, more agile.
2.04 They can spot gaps in the market and
2.04 develop new tech quicker than any
2.04 massive slowmoving government company,
2.04 even if that company is full of smart
2.04 people. And I mean that. I&;m not being
2.04 sarcastic. Russia&;s defense sector has
2.04 really sharp people. I&;ve seen what
2.04 they&;re capable of, especially when
2.04 working under tight restrictions and
2.04 with limited resources. It&;s impressive.
2.04 It really is. But right now, they&;re
2.04 running on adrenaline, wartime pressure.
2.04 Once the war ends, they&;ll relax.
2.04 They&;ll get medals, take a long
2.04 vacation, and most likely everything
2.04 will slow down unless the government
2.04 steps in and decides to change the
2.04 model. The innovation will stall. Me
2.04 personally, I&;ll be fine. Even in the
2.04 civilian sector, there&;s a huge amount
2.04 of electronics work to be done in Russia
2.04 right now. Tons of Western manufacturers
2.04 have pulled out and good riddance. We&;re
2.04 already replacing them in most areas and
2.04 we&;ll keep pushing forward. Import
2.04 substitution is still official policy.
2.04 It hasn&;t gone anywhere. So, yeah, I&;ll
2.04 survive. I&;ll do well no matter what,
2.04 but I&;d really prefer to keep doing what
2.04 I&;m doing now. It actually matters.
2.04 Thanks so much for the interview. This
2.04 was incredibly interesting and honestly,
2.04 your depth of knowledge about drones is
2.04 truly impressive.
.